L1

• First aid is the initial intervention and care given to any person suffering from a sudden illness or injury.
• First aid is the initial intervention and care given to any person suffering from a sudden illness or injury.
• 3Ps of First Aid

  1. Preserve life
  2. Prevent further harm
  3. Promote recovery
• Correct first-aid procedure

  1. Check the surrounding
  2. Call for help
  3. Care for the victim
• Characteristics of a Good First Aider

  1. Good communication skills
  2. Ability to work under time pressure
  3. Ability to work as a team
  4. Ability to know the limits
  5. Leadership
• Vital signs

  • Temperature
  • Pulse Rate
  • Respiration Rate
  • Blood Pressure
• ABC of First Aid

  Airway

  Breathing

  Circulation
• Accident management serves as the following:

  1. It bridges the gap between victim and the physician.
  2. It ends when the services of the professional physician arrives.
  3. It is not intended to compete with nor take the place of a physician.
• General Principles of First Aid (RCIRPIAA)

  1. Rescue and removal of the victim in the shortest possible time without aggravating the situation.
  2. Confinement of first aid to essentials only
  3. Immediate hemorrhage arrest
  4. Restoration of respiration and circulation
  5. Prevention of impending shock and treatment of shock if the victim is already in such a state
  6. Immobilization of simple and compound fractures and dislocations
  7. Alleviation of pain by simple procedures and medication
  8. Assurance of getting well quickly to the victim and morale boosting
• Responsibilities of a First Aider (MAAPMP)

  • Manage the incident and ensure the continuing safety of themselves, the bystanders, and the casualties
  • Arrange for further medical help or other emergency services to attend
  • Assess casualties and find out the nature and cause of their injuries
  • Provide appropriate first-aid treatment
  • Make notes or observations of casualties if able
  • Provide a handover when further medical help arrives
• Preserve life - This includes saving and minimizing threats of death.
• Prevent further harm - This covers external factors such as moving the patient away from harm and applying first aid to alleviate the situation.
• Promote recovery - This involves the completion of the treatment and healing process of the patient.
• Check the surrounding - Check the situation and never rush into a situation where you could end up as another victim. Assure that you and the victim are safe from the following: toxic gasses, unstable buildings, live electrical wires, and other dangerous scenarios.
• Call for help - First, check and establish the breathing of the person. After you have assessed that someone is seriously injured, call for emergency services immediately.
• Care for the victim - Stay calm and focused. Ensure the victim that help is coming. Provide physical assistance and emotional support.
• Roles of a First Aider -

  The first aider must reassure the patient to gain his/her trust through the ability to confidently manage an accident or situation through effective and appropriate communication.
• Good communication skills - Communicate with the sick or the injured. Give a handover to the paramedic when passing the casualty
• Ability to work under time pressure - Keep your "cool" under pressure to manage your task effectively.
• Ability to work as a team - Work with other emergency or ambulance services and paramedics. Being anxious and panicky will worsen the situation.
• Ability to know the limits - Recognize when a person needs emergency help. Call for further medical help if necessary.
• Leadership - Take command of an emergency situation. Organize the bystanders, and ensure the victim's comfort despite his or her condition