Group 2

• 3 physical properties of group 2 metals

  • High melting and boiling points
  • Low density metals
  • Form colourless (white) compounds
• Reaction between group 2 elements and oxygen is a Redox reaction
• Equation for the reaction of calcium and oxygen: 2Ca (s) + O2 (g) → 2CaO (s)
• Highest energy electrons of group 2 metals are in the S subshell
• Most reactive metal of group 2 is Barium
• First ionisation energy decreases down group 2 because the number of filled electron shells increases, leading to increased shielding and increased atomic radius which weakens the force between outer electron and nucleus, requiring less energy to remove the electron
• Products when group 2 elements react with water
• Reactivity increases down group 2 because electrons are lost more easily due to larger atomic radius and more shielding
• Common name given to group 2 metals is Alkaline earth metals
• Group 2 element that doesn't react with water
• What is oxidised and reduced in a reaction between group 2 metal and water
• Equation for the reaction of barium and water
• Products when group 2 elements react with water

  • Hydroxide
  • Hydrogen gas
• What is formed when group 2 oxides react with water
• Products when a group 2 element reacts with dilute acid

  • Salt
  • Hydrogen gas
• Group 2 element that reacts very slowly with water
• Type of reaction between group 2 metal and water
• Equation for the reaction of calcium and hydrochloric acid
• Reaction of calcium and oxygen

  2Ca (s) + O2 (g) → 2CaO (s)
• Equation for the reaction between a group 2 oxide and water

  MO (s) + H2O (l) → M(OH)2 (aq)
• What is formed when group 2 oxides react with water?
• Beryllium oxide is insoluble in water
• What group 2 metal oxide is insoluble in water?
• Calcium carbonate is present in limestone and marble and used in building construction
• Ba(OH)₂ creates a strong alkaline solution
• What is the trend in hydroxide solubility down group 2?
• Hydroxide solubility increases down the group
• What is the drawback of using calcium carbonate in construction? Write a related equation
• Mg(OH)2 is used as Milk of magnesia - antacid to treat indigestion, heartburn, etc.
• What is calcium carbonate used for?
• Metal hydroxide is formed when group 2 oxides react with water
• What is Mg(OH)2 used for?
• Group 2 carbonates react with acid
• What is Ca(OH)2 used for? Write an equation related to one of its uses
• Equation related to the drawback of using calcium carbonate in construction

  CaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2(g)
• Mg(OH)₂ is slightly soluble
• Equation related to the use of Ca(OH)2

  Ca(OH)₂ (aq) + 2HCl (aq) → 2H₂O (l) + CaCl₂ (aq)
• Ca(OH)2 is used to neutralise soil