non specific defence

• What are the two main defense systems against pathogens in the human body?

  Nonspecific defense system and immune system
• What is the primary job of the nonspecific defense system?

  To prevent pathogens from entering the body
• What are the four main parts of the nonspecific defense system?

  1. Skin
  2. Nose
  3. Trachea and bronchi
  4. Stomach
• How does the skin protect the body from pathogens?

  It forms a protective layer and produces sebum
• What is sebum and its role in the skin's defense?

  Oily substance that kills bacteria
• What happens when the skin is damaged?

  It scabs over to prevent pathogen entry
• Which body openings are not covered by skin?

  Nostrils and mouth
• How does the nose help prevent pathogen entry?

  It contains hair and mucus to trap pathogens
• What role do cilia play in the respiratory system?

  Cilia move mucus and trapped pathogens upwards
• What happens to mucus after it traps pathogens in the trachea?

  It is moved upwards to the throat and swallowed
• How does the stomach defend against pathogens?

  It contains hydrochloric acid that kills pathogens
• What is a common disease caused by a pathogen found in food?

  Salmonella food poisoning
• What can still happen despite the nonspecific defense systems?

  Pathogens can enter and cause serious disease