Maternal

• Nearly 9 in 10 pregnancies ending in the 3 years preceding the survey resulted in live births, 11% were miscarriages, 1% were stillbirths, and 1% were terminated through induced abortions
• The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has steadily declined over time, from 4.1 in 1993 to 1.9 in 2022
• Short birth intervals of less than 24 months can lead to harmful outcomes for both newborns and mothers
• Information provided by the 2022 NDHS

  • Fertility
  • Fertility preferences
  • Family planning practices
  • Childhood mortality
  • Maternal and child health
  • Nutrition
  • Knowledge and attitude regarding HIV/AIDS
  • Violence against women
  • Child discipline
  • Early childhood development
  • COVID-19 awareness
  • Other health issues
• The median birth interval is 46.5 months, with nearly one in five births occurring less than 24 months after the preceding birth
• The mean age at first menstruation among women aged 15-49 is 13.0 years
• The indicators provided by the 2022 NDHS are essential for policy making, program planning, and monitoring and evaluation of population and health programs, including those related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Philippine Development Plan
• The 2022 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) was implemented by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
• The 2022 NDHS is conducted every 3-5 years to observe trends in mortality, fertility rates, and the population itself
• The median age at first birth among women aged 25-49 is 23.6 years
• Factors influencing the number of children a woman bears include the age she begins childbearing, birth intervals, and fecundity
• Postponing first births and extending birth intervals have contributed to reducing fertility levels and have positive health consequences
• Implementation of maternal and child care programs by the Department of Health (DOH) is effective, with well-implemented programs and successful information dissemination
• Under-5 mortality rate decreased between 1993 and the present
• Newer generations tend to focus on their careers and build families later than previous generations
• Childbearing at a very young age is associated with an increased risk of complications during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as higher rates of neonatal mortality
• Childhood mortality rates: neonatal mortality rate was 15 deaths per 1000 live births, infant mortality rate was 22 deaths per 1000 live births, and under-5 mortality rate was 26 deaths per 1000 live births
• 5% of women aged 15-19 have ever been pregnant; 4% have had a live birth, and 2% are currently pregnant
• Among mothers age 20-49, the perinatal mortality rate increases as age at birth increases


  Period of time the woman is pregnant
• Perinatal Mortality rate is 23 deaths per 1000 pregnancies of 28 weeks' or more duration
• Under-5 mortality rate was 26 deaths per 1000 live births
• Infant mortality rate was 22 deaths per 1000 live births
• Neonatal mortality increased slightly between 2013 (13 deaths per live births) and 2022 (15 deaths per live births)
• Infant mortality rate remained relatively unchanged from 2017 (21 deaths per 1000 live births) to 2022 (22 deaths per 1000 live births)
• Neonatal mortality rate was 15 deaths per 1000 live births
• Neonatal mortality is the probability of dying within the first month of life (0-28 days)
• Postneonatal mortality is the probability of dying between the first month of life and the first birthday (1-12 months)
• Child mortality is the probability of dying between the first and the fifth birthday
• Infant mortality is the probability of dying between birth and the first birthday; can also be postnatal mortality
• 66% of currently married women age 15-49 would have been in an avoidable high-risk category if they had conceived at the time of the survey
• Perinatal Mortality Rate comprises stillbirths (pregnancy losses occurring after 28 weeks of gestation) and early neonatal deaths (deaths of live births within the first 7 days of life)
• Under-5 mortality is the probability of dying between birth and the fifth birthday; can also be child mortality
• Health care facility deliveries: 89% of live births and stillbirths in the 2 years preceding the survey were delivered in a health facility
• One in five (20%) live births in the 2 years preceding the survey were delivered via cesarean section
• Antenatal care: 86% of women age 15-49 with a live birth and/or a stillbirth in the 2 years preceding the survey received antenatal care from a skilled provider for their most recent birth
• Cesarean deliveries are more common in private facilities (30%) than public facilities (17%)
• Skilled assistance during delivery: 90% of live births in the 2 years preceding the survey were delivered by a skilled provider
• Postnatal care: 75% of women with a live birth in the 2 years preceding the survey had a postnatal check during the first 2 days after their most recent live birth
• 75% of women with a live birth in the 2 years preceding the survey had a postnatal check during the first 2 days after their most recent live birth
• 90% of live births in the 2 years preceding the survey were delivered by a skilled provider