U2 CH18 Blood (A&P2)

• What buffers blood to about a pH of 7.4?

  Carbonic Acid & Bicarbonate
• Decrease in water increases viscosity in _____


  Blood
• What are Erythrocites and it's purpose?

  Red Blood cells: Transport respiratory gases
• What are Leukocytes and it's purpose?

  White blood cells: Protect against infections
• What are Platelets and it's purpose?

  Cellular fragments: Help prevent blood loss (Blood clots)
• Ground Substance of blood is called...

  Plasma
• 3 Fractions of blood density in order (High to low density (Thickness))

  1. Erythrocytes (Blood) 44%
  2. Buffy Coat (Platelets & Leukocytes) 1%
  3. Plasma (Water, Proteins, Other) 55%
• Anemia


  Low Erythrocyte count (blood)
• Globulins


  Make up antibodies
• Fibrinogens


  Help blood clot
• What is the primary blood stem cell and what 2 cells does it create?

  Hemocytoblast. It creates Myloid and Lymphoid Stem (lymphoid makes the B,T, & NK cells)
• What makes all of the formed elements?

  Hemopoiesis (happens in red bone marrow)
• Subgroups of Hemopoiesis


  Erythropoiesis(RedBCells), Leukopoiesis(WhiteBCells), Thrombopoiesis(Platelets)
• Colony-stimulating factors (CFSs) are important for creating...

  development of different blood cells
• Protein hormone that increases production and maturation of erythrocites.

  Erythropoietin
• Growth factor that induces platelet formation.

  Thrombopoietin
• Thrombopoietin forces the myloid progenitor to become an extremely large cell called a _____________


  Megakaryocyte
• Pieces of megakaryocyte break off into blood to make _________


  Platelets
• Key player to osmosis (Stays in blood and not diffuse into the tissue. Make solute concentration high in blood. Improbes osmosis of water back into blood.)

  Albumin
• Not having a nucleus allows them to pack closely in a single file in capillaries called...

  Rouleau (ru-low)