identity practice

• monoprotic identity letters:

  • H+
  • OH-
  • HA
  • HB+
  • A-
  • B
• diprotic identity letters:

  • H2A
  • HA-
  • A-2
• triprotic identity letters:

  • H3A
  • H2A-
  • HA-2
  • A-3
• typical spectators:

  conjugate acids/attatched to OH-:

  • Li+
  • Na+
  • K+
  • Rb+
  • Ba+2
  • Sr+2

  conjugate bases/attached to H+:

  • Cl-
  • Br-
  • NO3-
  • ClO3-
  • ClO4-
  • SO4-2
• HA- (no spectators)

  • acetic acid (CH3COOH)
  • formic acid (HCOOH)
  • chlorous acid (HClO2)
  • hypochlorous acid (HClO)
  • hypoflouric acid (HF)
  • nitrous acid (HNO2)
  • cyanic acid (HCN)
• BH+

  • ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)
  • methylammonium bromide (CH3NH3Br)
  • benzylammonium nitrate (C6H5CH3NH3NO3)
• A-

  • sodium acetate (CH3COONa)
  • Lithium formate (HCOOLi)
  • potassium flouride (KF)
  • sodium cyanide (NaCN)
  • potassium chlorite (KClO2)
• B

  • ammonia (NH3)
  • methyl amine (CH3NH2)
  • benzylamine (C6H5CH3NH2)
• polyprotic acids:

  • carbonic acid (H2CO3 --> H2A)
  • sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3 - Na+ --> HA-)
  • rubidium carbonate (RB2CO3 - RB+ --> A-2)
  • phosphoric acid (H3PO4 --> H2A)
  • potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4 - K+ --> H2A-)
  • rubidium hydrogen phosphate (RB2HPO4 - RB+ --> HA-2)
  • lithium phosphate (Li3PO4 - Li+ --> A-3)
• lewis acids:

  • BH3
  • BF3
  • Ni+2
  • Fe+3