Electric motor

• What concept explains the force on a current-carrying wire in a magnetic field?

  The motor effect
• What determines the direction of the force on a wire in a magnetic field?

  The directions of the magnetic field and current
• How can you determine the direction of the force on a wire?

  Using Fleming's left-hand rule
• What happens to the force direction if the current direction is reversed?

  The force direction also reverses
• What occurs when a coil is connected with current flowing in one direction?

  • Left side experiences an upwards force
  • Right side experiences a downward force
  • Coil starts to spin clockwise
• What happens to the coil after it rotates 180 degrees?

  The current direction reverses
• What is the effect of reversing the current on the forces acting on the coil?

  The forces swap direction on each side
• Why does the coil flip back and forth without rotating 360 degrees?

  • Forces keep swapping directions
  • Coil does not maintain a consistent rotation
• What device is used to change the direction of the current every half turn?

  A split ring commutator
• What does the split ring commutator do?

  Swaps positive and negative connections
• How does the split ring commutator affect the coil's rotation?

  Ensures consistent direction of rotation
• What happens when the positive terminal is connected to one side of the commutator?

  • Current flows around the coil
  • Coil experiences clockwise forces
  • Coil begins to rotate
• Why is the split ring commutator important in motors?

  It maintains continuous rotation direction
• What are the applications of electric motors?

  • Fans
  • Vehicles
  • Hard drives
  • Various household appliances
• What is necessary for real-life motors compared to the simple model discussed?

  They need to be more powerful
• How can the speed of motor rotations be increased?

  1. Increase the current
  2. Add more turns to the coil
  3. Increase magnetic flux density
• What is one way to increase the magnetic flux density?

  Use more powerful magnets