Heat and Temperature (Unit C Science)

• Temperature is the measure of how hot or cold an object is.
• Conduction is the transfer of heat between substances that are touching each other.
• The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
• Convection (currents) Are the transfer of heat when the particles are moving in a circular pattern(s)
• Radiation is the transfer of energy of invisible waves that can travel great distances
• Insulators are materials that do not allow heat to be transferred through them
• Conductors are materials that allow heat to be transferred through them
• Heat is the energy that transfer from one substance to another because of the difference in kinetic energy
• Temperature is how hot or cold something is
• Kinetic energy is the energy of movement. Anything that moves has kinetic energy
• Heating up particles will increase the kinetic energy, making it move faster
• Cooling down particles will decrease the kinetic energy, making it move slower
• The higher the temperature, the more kinetic energy there is
• A thermometer is used to measure temperature
• Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of all the particles a substance has
• All matter is made up of particles
• Particles in a solid are packed tightly and only vibrate
• Particles in a gas are not connected, which means lots of space between them.
• Particles in a liquid are loosely attached meaning they can slip past each other.
• Particles in a liquid has a definite volume, but not a shape
• Conduction is when heat moves through solids without any movement of the material itself
• Phase change -- matter changes state without changing volume, e.g. ice to water