Science test

• GPE=HAM
• Elastic Potential Energy


  Energy stored in objects being compressed or stretched
• Types of Potential Energy


  • Elastic potential energy
  • Chemical potential energy
  • Gravitational potential energy
• Energy


  The ability to cause change
• Energy is measured in Joules (J)
• Kinetic Energy


  Energy in motion
• Joule

  1 Joule = 1 kg*m2/s2
• There are many different types of energy
• Gravitational Potential Energy


  • Height measured in (m)
  • Acceleration due to gravity measured in (m/s2)
  • Mass measured in (kg)
• Kinetic Energy


  • Mass measured in (kg)
  • Velocity measured in (m/s)
• Chemical Potential Energy


  Energy stored in chemical bonds of compounds
• Gravitational Potential Energy


  Energy stored in objects that are above Earth’s surface
• Potential Energy


  Stored energy
• Thermal energy flows

  From higher temperature objects to lower temperature objects
• Thermal energy increases


  As mass increases
• No such thing as cold, just absence of heat
• Conductors


  • Materials that allow heat to flow easily (metals and skin)
• Conduction


  Transfer of energy through matter by direct contact of particles
• Specific Heat equation

  • Q=mcΔT
  • Q = change in thermal energy (or heat)(measured in J)
  • m = mass (measured in kg)
  • c = specific heat (measured in J/kg C)
  • ΔT = change in temperature (measured in C)
• Specific Heat

  The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of material by 1 C or 1 K
• Convection


  • Occurs in liquids and gases
  • Currents move heat from warmer to cooler parts of the substance
• The higher the temperature


  The more thermal energy
• Convection

  Transfer of energy by the movement of heated particles
• Heat is measured in Joules
• Radiation

  • Occurs fastest in gases
  • Can be absorbed or reflected
  • Can travel through space and between molecules
• Heat


  Transfer of energy from one object to another
• When heat flows into an object

  The change in heat is +
• When heat flows out of an object

  The change in heat is -
• Temperature

  A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in an object
• Thermal Energy

  The sum of kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object
• Radiation


  Transfer of energy through electromagnetic wave
• Insulators


  • Materials that make it hard for heat to flow (air, wood, plastic, Styrofoam, and fiberglass)
• Conduction


  • Solids are best conductors of heat
  • Particles are already so close together so contact is easy
• Power


  Measured in Joules per second or Watts
• Work


  Measured in Joules
• Two conditions for work

  • Object must move
  • Force must be applied in the direction of movement
• Distance

  Measured in Meters
• Mass


  Measured in kg
• Power


  The amount of work done in a certain time; the rate at which work is done
• Force


  Measured in Newtons