BB-IMMUNOLOGY

• IMMUNOLOGY

  1. It is a study of molecules, cells, organs, and systems that recognize and dispose foreign materials, “non-self” (how and its consequences)

  2. Resistance to disease or defense against non-self

  3. Main stars of Immunology are Lymphocytes

  4. Consequences of Immunity: Allergy, Organ Rejection, and Autoimmune disorders
• First Line of Defense

  1. Unbroken skin
  2. Mucus membrane
  3. Sebum from sebaceous glands
  4. Lactic acid in sweat
  5. Earwax
  6. Excretion of Solids and Liquids (feces/urine)
  7. Acidity of stomach, intestines, and vagina
  8. Cilia in respiratory tract
  9. Tears (with IgA)
  10. Saliva
• Third Line of Defense = ADAPTIVE or ACQUIRED IMMUNITY

  • Specific, Recognize, Remember, Respond
  • Cannot recognize if self or non-self
  • SLOW acting
  • Benefit = Acquired Immunologic Memory

  Includes two:

  A. Cellular = Lymphocytes

  B. Humoral = Antibodies, Cytokines
• Second Line of Defense = Natural Immunity, Inborn or Innate

  • Nonspecific
  • no exposure required
  • no memory
  • rapid
  • includes phagocytes, neutrophils, complement, acute phase reactants (markers for infection: C-reactive protien, antitrypsin, beta-2-microglobulin)