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• INQUIRY - is a request for information.
• INVESTIGATION - is an official attempt to find out the truth about or the cause of something such as a crime, accident, or scientific problem.
• WORK IMMERSION - is an educational program or activity that provides students with an opportunity to gain practical experience and exposure to real-world work environments related to their chosen field of study.
• RESEARCH - is what propels humanity forward. It’s fueled by curiosity: we get curious, ask questions, and immerse ourselves in discovering everything there is to know.
• QUANTITATIVE Research - involves analyzing and gathering numerical data to uncover trends, calculate averages, evaluate relationships, and derive overarching insights.
• QUALITATIVE Research - is a behavioral research method that seeks to understand the undertones, motivations, and subjective interpretations inherent in human behavior.
• QUANTITATIVE - It’s used in various fields, including the natural and social sciences. Quantitative data analysis employs statistical techniques for processing and interpreting numeric data.
• QUALITATIVE - It involves gathering nonnumerical data, such as text, audio, and video, allowing you to explore nuances and patterns that quantitative data can’t capture.
• RESEARCH

  is an investigation or experimentation aimed at the discovery and interpretation of facts, revision of accepted theories or laws in the light of new facts, or practical application of such new or revised theories or laws.

  Research provides the best solution to some of the world problems and also enhance the knowledge of the researchers. It can give explanations to certain questions stated in the research problem.
• INDEPENDENT Variable - is the cause. Its value is independent of other variables in your study.
• DEPENDENT VARIABLE - is the effect. Its value depends on changes in the independent variable.
• Qualitative Research

  Involves processes, feelings, and motives (the why’s and the how’s) and produce in depth and holistic data - Usually concerned with generating hypothesis from data rather than testing a hypothesis. - Uses either unstructured or semi-structured instruments
• QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

  Uses small sample sizes chosen purposely - Used to gain greater understanding of individual differences in terms of feelings, motives and experiences - More of describing a phenomenon in a narrative - Data collected can be in a form of words, images and transcripts
• QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

  Usually starts with neither a theory nor hypothesis about the relationship between two or more variables - Uses structured research instruments like questionnaires - Uses large sample sizes that are representatives of the population
• An INQUIRY is a method that has the aim of extending knowledge, undertaking doubt, or solving a problem.
• BRAINSTORMING - Is a way of inquiring ideas that will help you to develop concepts and focusing techniques by asking questions and knowing the interests of the persons involved in the said issues.
• INTRODUCTION

  Discusses four (4) relevant ideas: TOPIC Or SUBJECT MATTER: define and elaborate using methods of paragraph development like classification and giving examples

  IMPORTANCE OF THE TOPIC: cite the role that the topic plays in your life and the benefits you derive from it.

  REASONS FOR CHOOSING THE TOPIC: emphasized what motivated you to choose the topic.

  PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: discusses the objective of the study.
• BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

  It consists of statements on what led the investigator to launch the study. It may have been generated by some empirical observations, the need to explore the problem and some other relevant conditions. It also describe as clearly as possible the problem intended to be addressed and refer to the relevant literature in the field.
• 1.3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

  A tentative explanation or theoretical explanation of the phenomenon or problem and serves as the basis for the formulation research hypotheses. It consists of the investigator’s own position on a problem after his exposure to various theories that have bearing on the problem. The conceptual framework becomes the central theme, the focus of the study. It serves as a guide in conducting investigation.
• PARADIGM – is a diagrammatic representation of a conceptual framework. It depicts in a more vivid way what the conceptual framework wants to convey
• 1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS (for quantitative research)

  A research hypothesis is a statement of expectation or prediction that will be tested by research. Before formulating your research hypothesis, read about the topic of interest to you. From your reading, which may include articles, books and/or cases, you should gain sufficient information about your topic that will enable you to narrow or limit it and express it as a research question.
• RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS - In some disciplines, the hypothesis is called a “thesis statement”. Other words for “hypothesized” are “posited,” “theorized” or “proposed”. Remember, your hypothesis must require two or more disciplines, one of which is law. This is essential, since your paper is interdisciplinary and a demonstration of the interdisciplinary process.
• Simple Hypothesis - It shows a relationship between one dependent variable and a single independent variable. For example – If you eat more vegetables, you will lose weight faster. Here, eating more vegetables is an independent variable, while losing weight is the dependent variable.
• Complex Hypothesis - It shows the relationship between two or more dependent variables and two or more independent variables. Eating more vegetables and fruits leads to weight loss, glowing skin, and reduces the risk of many diseases such as heart disease.
• Directional Hypothesis - It shows how a researcher is intellectual and committed to a particular outcome. The relationship between the variables can also predict its nature. For example- children aged four years eating proper food over a five-year period are having higher IQ levels than children not having a proper meal. This shows the effect and direction of the effect.
• Non-directional Hypothesis - It is used when there is no theory involved. It is a statement that a relationship exists between two variables, without predicting the exact nature (direction) of the relationship.
• Null Hypothesis - It provides a statement which is contrary to the hypothesis. It’s a negative statement, and there is no relationship between independent and dependent variables. The symbol is denoted by “HO”.
• Associative and Causal Hypothesis - Associative hypothesis occurs when there is a change in one variable resulting in a change in the other variable. Whereas, the causal hypothesis proposes a cause and effect interaction between two or more variables.
• 1.5 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

  There should be a general statement of the whole problem followed by the specific questions or sub problems into which the general problem is broken up.
• 1.6 SIGNIFICANCE

  The rationale, timeliness and/or relevance of the study. The rationale, timeliness and/or relevance of the study to existing conditions must be explained or discussed. Shows possible solutions to existing problems or improvement to unsatisfactory conditions.
• 1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

  • Who are to be benefited and how they are going to be benefited. It must be shown who are the individuals, groups, or communities who may be placed in a more advantageous position on account of the study.
  • Possible contribution to the fund of knowledge. - Possible implications. It should be discussed here that the implications include the possible causes of the problems discovered, the possible effects of the problems, and the remedial measures to solve the problems.
• 1.7 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

  It should include the following: A brief statement of the general purpose of the study. The subject matter and topics studied and discussed. The locale of the study, where the data were gathered or the entity to which the data belong.

  It should include the following: The period of the study - this is the time, either months or years, during which the data were gathered. Weaknesses of the study beyond the control of the researcher. The weaknesses spring out of the inaccuracies of the perceptions of the respondents.
• 1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS

  Only terms, words, or phrases which have special or unique meanings in the study are defined. Terms should be defined operationally, that is how they are used in the study. Definitions may be taken from encyclopedias, books, magazines and newspaper articles, dictionaries, and other publications but the researcher must acknowledge his sources. Definitions should be brief, clear, and unequivocal as possible. Acronyms should always be spelled out fully.
• LITERATURE - The related literatures are articles taken from books, journals, magazines, novels, poetry and many others. Sometimes literature reviews are incorporated into the introduction part. If this happens, the literature incorporated in the introduction part should no longer be reflected in this section.
• STUDY - The related studies are taken from published and unpublished theses/dissertations or published research journals.

  RELATIONSHIP OF THE PREVIOUS STUDIES TO THE PRESENT STUDY - Points out the similarities and differences of the reviewed studies to the present study in terms of the framework of the study,, methodology , statistical analysis, etc.