Stem cells

• What are stem cells?

  Cells that can divide and differentiate
• What are the two key features of stem cells?

  They divide by mitosis and differentiate
• How do stem cells divide?

  By mitosis to form more cells
• How do stem cells differentiate?

  Into specialized cells like nerve or skin cells
• What is formed when a sperm cell fertilizes an egg cell?

  A zygote
• What are embryonic stem cells capable of?

  They can differentiate into any type of cell
• What happens to embryonic stem cells over time?

  They divide and differentiate into various cells
• What type of stem cells are found in adults?

  Adult stem cells
• How do adult stem cells differ from embryonic stem cells?

  They can only differentiate into a narrow range of cells
• Where are adult stem cells found in the body?

  In bone marrow
• What types of cells can adult stem cells differentiate into?

  Different types of blood cells
• What is the role of adult stem cells?

  To replace damaged cells
• Where are plant stem cells found?

  In meristem tissue
• What is the function of plant stem cells?

  To differentiate into all necessary plant cells
• Where in the plant are meristem tissues located?

  At the tips of roots and shoots
• How do plant stem cells differ from embryonic stem cells?

  Plant stem cells persist throughout the plant's life
• What types of cells do plant stem cells differentiate into?

  Palisade, phloem, xylem, and root hair cells
• What is the significance of stem cells in human life?

  They are crucial for development and repair
• What can stem cells replace in the body?

  Damaged cells
• What are the main types of stem cells discussed?

  • Embryonic stem cells
  • Adult stem cells
  • Plant stem cells
• What are the differences between embryonic and adult stem cells?

  • Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any cell type.
  • Adult stem cells can only differentiate into a limited range of cells.
  • Embryonic stem cells are present in early development, while adult stem cells are found in specific tissues.
• What is the process of human development from zygote to baby?

  1. Sperm fertilizes egg to form zygote.
  2. Zygote divides by mitosis to form an embryo.
  3. Embryonic stem cells differentiate into various cell types.
  4. After nine months, a baby is born.