Types of Hazard

• Hazard


  is any condition, substance, activity, or situation that has the potential to cause harm, injury, damage or adverse effects to people, property, or the environment
• Natural Hazards


  this hazard are harmful events caused by natural processes, like earthquakes or floods, which can pose risks to people and the environment.
• Quasi-Natural Hazards


  -These hazards have both natural and human induced components. While their underlying Causes may have natural origins, human activities still contribute to their occurrence or severity.
• Technological or man-made Hazards


  these hazards include dangers caused by human activities or technology, such as industrial accidents, chemicals pills, and infrastructure failures, which can endanger lives, property, and the environment.
• Potential Earthquake Hazards

  • Ground Shaking
  • Ground Rupture
  • Liquefication
  • Earthquake induced Landslides
  • Tsunamis and Seiches
• Ground Shaking


  the first main earthquake hazard is the effect of ground shaking. Ground shaking is the movement or vibration of the Earth's surface, during an earthquake, caused by energy release along fault lines.
• Ground Rupture

  Deformation on the ground that marks the interaction of the fault with the earth’s surface.
• Liquefaction


  it is the mixing of sand/soil and groundwater.
• Earthquake Induced

  Landslide

  Downslope movement of rocks,

  soil, and other debris commonly

  triggered by strong shaking.
• Tsunamis and Seiches

  Tsunamis are massive ocean waves

  triggered by underwater earthquakes

  or activities capable of causing

  significant coastal damage. On the other

  hand, Seiches are like small waves in

  an enclosed areas, like lakes, and is

  usually a few feet high, but they can

  still do damage like floods and

  knocking down trees and houses.
• Technological or man-made Hazards

  • Industrial accidents, chemical spills, infrastructure failures
• Ground Shaking


  Movement or vibration of the Earth's surface during an earthquake, caused by energy release along fault lines
• Natural Hazards

  • Earthquakes, floods
• Earthquake is a natural phenomenon characterized by the abrupt shaking of the Earth's surface, typically caused by the movement of tectonic plates along fault lines
• Liquefaction


  Mixing of sand/soil and groundwater during the shaking of a strong earthquake, causing the ground to become soft like quicksand
• Ground Rupture

  Deformation on the ground that marks the interaction of the fault with the earth’s surface
• Quasi-Natural Hazards

  • Hazards with both natural and human-induced components
• Earthquake Induced Landslide

  Downslope movement of rocks, soil, and other debris triggered by strong shaking during an earthquake
• Hazard


  Any condition, substance, activity, or situation that has the potential to cause harm, injury, damage, or adverse effects to people, property, or the environment
• Terremotos involve both natural and human components
• Tsunamis and Seiches

  Tsunamis are massive ocean waves triggered by underwater earthquakes, while Seiches are small waves in enclosed areas like lakes
• Liquefaction is the earthquake hazard where soil/sand is mixed with groundwater
• Earthquake-induced landslides result in erosion and blockage of roads and rivers