ANAPHY

• Division of Human Anatomy


  1. Gross / Macroscopic Anatomy

  2. Microscopic Anatomy

  3. Embryology

  4. Neuroanatomy
• Human Anatomy


  Study of the normal structures of the human body and their relationships with one another
• Microscopic Anatomy


  Study of structures of the human body through use of microscope
• Neuroanatomy


  Study of normal microscopic, gross feature and development of the nervous system
• Cell Physiology


  Study of the function of living cells, the cornerstone of human physiology
• Homeostasis: Maintenance of the body's internal

  environment

  -Negative feedback loop

  -Stability,Balance, Equilibrium
• Systemic Physiology


  All aspects of the functions of specific organ systems
• Organs:

  • Tissues with same function grouped

  together.

  • Examples: liver, stomach
• Cells
• Body Regions
• Essential Life Process
• The Anatomical Position
• Embryology


  Study of development of the human body from fertilization of ovum up to the period of extrauterine life
• Human Physiology


  Study of the different functions of the normal structures of the human body and the involved processes of how these body parts work
• Special Physiology


  Study of the functions of specific organs
• Gross / Macroscopic Anatomy


  Study of normal structures of the human big enough to be studied by unaided eye
• Anatomy


  Derived from the Greek words ANA- apart TOMY- To cut
• Tissue
• Pathologic Physiology


  Study of the effects of diseases on organ or system functions
• Levels of Structural Organization of the Body


  1. Chemical level

  2. Cellular level

  3. Tissue level

  4. Organ level

  5. System level
• Homeostasis Regulation


  1. Auto regulation

  2. Extrinsic regulation
• Division of Human Physiology


  1. Cell Physiology

  2. Special Physiology

  3. Systemic Physiology

  4. Pathologic Physiology
• Cavities
• System
• 4 Major Functions of a Cell

  • Cell metabolism and energy use
  • Synthesis of molecules
  • Communication
  • Reproduction and inheritance
• Terms of Movement


  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Abduction
  • Adduction
  • Circumlocution
  • Rotation
  • Inversion
  • Eversion
  • Dorsiflexion
  • Plantarflexion
  • Supination
  • Pronation
  • Protraction
  • Retraction
  • Elevation
  • Depression
• Sections of the Body


  • Longitudinal section - vertical section
  • Transverse Section - cross section
  • Oblique Section - Cut the body not along any body planes (slant)
• Cavities


  • Dorsal - cranial, spinal
  • Ventral - thoracic, abdominopelvic
• Structural Classifications of Cell


  • Prokaryotic Cell (Before Nucleus)
• Anatomical Terms of Relationship


  • Superior / Cranial / Cephalic
  • Inferior / Caudal
  • Anterior / Ventral
  • Posterior / Dorsal
  • Medial
  • Lateral
  • Proximal
  • Distal
  • Superficial / External
  • Deep / Internal
  • Central
  • Peripheral
  • Parietal
  • Visceral
• Anatomical Planes


  • Coronal / Frontal Plane
  • Sagittal Plane / Lateral Plane
  • Horizontal / Transverse / Axial
  • Median Plane
• Nucleic acids consist of ribo sugar, hydrogenous base, and phosphate
• Body Regions


  • Head
  • Neck
  • Trunk
  • Thorax
  • Abdomen
  • Pelvic Cavity
  • Perineum
  • Upper Extremities
  • Lower Extremities
• The cell is the smallest and basic unit of life containing biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids
• Prokaryotic Cell


  • Absence of nucleus, lacks some organelles, independent single-celled organisms, e.g., Bacteria
• Polysaccharide


  A carbohydrate composed of many sugar molecules bonded together
• Types of Animal cell


  • Neuron (brain cell), Somatic Cell (body cells), Germ Cell (sex cells)
• Inorganic Compounds in cell


  • Water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, mineral salts
• Physical Properties of the cell: Perceptible to the senses, size measured in microns, color grayish/translucent, consistency colloidal, odorless, tasteless
• Vacuoles


  • Storage units filled with granular substances