Cells

• Hooke - term cell
• Schleiden and Schwann - all plant and animal tissue were composed of cells
• Virchow - theory of biogenesis where cells only arise from pre-existing cell
• Prokaryotic - lack of membrane
• Eukaryotes - cell division involvved mitosis
• Prokaryotes - divide by binary fission
• Plasma membrane - phospholipid bilaer containing cholesterol and proteinss and some carbohydrate
• Plasma membrane - act as physical barrier to enclose contents; regulate material movement into and out of the cell
• Nucleus - enclosed within a double membrane
• Nucleolus - consists of RNA and proteins which funcitons in ribosomal unit assembly
• Nucleoplasm - surrounds the chromatin and the nucleoli
• Nucleus - contains the DNA that serve as the genetic mateial for direct protein synthesis
• Cytoplasm - can be seen between the plasma membrane and the nucleus where other cellular elements are embedded
• Cytosol - provides support ffor organelles and serve as the viscous fluid medium
• Cytoplasm - responsible for various cellular processes
• Rough ER - attached ribosome
• ribosome - protein synthesis
• rough er - modifies, transport, d stores proteins produces by ribosome
• smooth er - extensive interconnected membrane network lacking rbosome
• smooth er - detoxfies drugs; forms vesicle and peroxisome
• dna - genes
• rna - nucleoli
• er - system of tubules and flattened sacs continue with nuclear membrane
• ribosome is made up of two unequal subunits, each containing rna
• mitochondria - largest cytoplasmic organelles
• mitochondira have cristae , provided with a smooth outer membrane and folded inner membrane
• mitochodria s a self-regulating organelle, since it synthesizes its own protein and is self duplicating
• mitochondria - controls concentration of water and other ions
• golgi apparatus - flat, membranous sacs, vesicles and vacuoles consideres as packagers of cell proteins
• golgi - responnsible for concentrating and wrapping certain enzyme into separate organelles which remain inside the cell
• lysosome - graveyard of cell
• lysosome - scaveger of the cell
• lysosome reffered to as bag of enzymes, suicide bags
• lysosome is principal site of intracellular digestion
• microtubule and microfilament - not membrane bound
• microtubule and microfilament transport of materials, cell movement and cell support
• cell membrane considered as cell's delicate but tough guardian
• nucleus - nucleic acid, proteins , lipids
• er - lipids , protein
• ribosome - rna, protein