Judaism

• Covenant- a promise of agree,ent between two parties.Covenants were made between Noah god

  abharham and Moses
• Kosher- food that is prepared according to Jewish dietary laws, including the prohibition of pork and shellfish
• Messiah- the anointed one Jews believe will bring new era or age in human kind
• Mizvot-613 laws and duties and good deeds
• Shabbat - a day of spiritual renewal and rest.
• Shekhinah- the place were gods present can be felt
• Synagogue - a house of assembly building for jewish public prayers study and assembly
• Torah- the five Books of Moses. the holiest books of the tenakh
• 144 ist die Anzahl der Mitzvot
• The obligation to save life does not extend to saving your own life at the cost of someone else's
• It is not acceptable to kill someone else to survive, as each life has equal value and killing for one's own benefit is wrong
• If a person needs to defend themselves from harm, this is acceptable but should be proportionate to the situation
• In cases where a pregnant mother's life is at risk due to the pregnancy, pikuach nefesh means that abortion may be permitted to defend the established life of the mother
• Pikuach nefesh


  A practical way of showing that all life is sacred and of equal value
• Pikuach nefesh maintains the belief that all humans have a God-given right to life and to live their life in the fullest way
• Many Jewish celebrations use the toast 'L'Chaim, meaning 'to life, to celebrate the joy in life and to show that life should be lived and celebrated
• Pikuach nefesh


  A doctor could work on Shabbat to save a life
• One who saves a life is considered as if they had saved a whole world, and one who destroys a life is considered as if they had destroyed a whole world
• If a Jew uses their free will to break a mitzvah or ignore the mitzvot, this damages their relationship with God and means they need to actively repent and atone for this
• Jews have ten days between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur each year to atone for their sins and mend their relationship with God and other people
• Mitzvot


  • Moral mitzvot (those dealing with humans)
  • Ritual mitzvot (those dealing with God)
• Moral mitzvot explain how people should treat each other and are important in helping to build just and fair societies
• Moral mitzvot teach that all human life has equal value and all humans should be treated with respect as they are created in the image and likeness of God
• Ritual mitzvot deal with how to show respect for God and help to establish and maintain a strong relationship between the individual and God
• Mitzvah Day is a day when Jews give their time to make a difference to the Community through tikkun olam (repairing or perfecting the world) and gemilut chasadim (acts of loving-kindness)
• Many Jews believe in the immortality of the soul, as Genesis describes how God 'blew into his nostrils the breath of life; and man became a living being'
• Most Reform Jews reject any form of physical resurrection or physical life after death but some do believe the soul will continue to live on after death
• Judaism does not focus on what happens in the afterlife as there is no specific mention of it in the Torah
• Many Jews believe that true understanding of life after death is beyond the ability of humans and so it is only important to be concerned with what can be understood and controlled in this life
• Many Jews believe that life should be celebrated and cherished as God gave it to be lived, so treating others well and being a good person should be at the centre of Jewish life
• Shekhinah


  The term used to refer to God's presence when it rests and can be felt strongly on earth
• The Shekhinah is not the physical presence of God, but rather the spiritual presence of God on earth
• Some Jews believe the Shekhinah is the feminine aspect of God and therefore is associated with feminine attributes-representing the more loving, caring and compassionate qualities of God
• Orthodox Jews believe they can experience the Shekhinah at the Western Wall in Jerusalem, as they believe the Shekhinah was fully present in the Temple
• Ways Jews experience the Shekhinah today

  • Worship (ner tamid)
  • Prayer (minyan)
  • Study (of Hebrew scriptures)
  • Shabbat (women lighting candles)
  • Pilgrimage (to Western Wall)