“The thane of Fife had a wife; where is she now? What will these hands never be clean?”
referring to lady Macduff
her descent to madness and her violent acts are troubling her conscience
She’s tried to cover up for so long the gravity of immoral acts but now they’re catching up with her
“All the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand”
they are consumed and engulfed with the guilt to the point it is infiltrating their current reality played with hallucinations and guilt as a result of their ambition
Her ambition to be a barbaric and tyrannical leader has directly resulted to the guilt infested state that she is in now
“out damned spot! Out I say!”
motif of blood - a symbol or a physical manifestation of their guilt
The spot of blood illustrates how this guilt has completely consumed her and is now tarnishing her physically
Every inch of Lady Macbeth is now completely consumed by this guilt and it is inescapable
[enters with a taper]
a stage direction
The candle signifies her want for light, hope and salvation
this is because she has understood the severity of the acts they‘ve committed e.g regicide so now she is looking for some light and some hope in an attempt to escape this internal darkness
