Garfinkel

• Who is the main figure associated with ethnomethodology?

  Harrold Garfinkel
• What does Garfinkel mean by 'indexicality'?

  Nothing has a fixed meaning; context matters
• How did Garfinkel's study with students and parents illustrate his theories?

  Students acted formally, causing parental confusion
• What is the main focus of ethnomethodology according to Garfinkel?

  • How ordinary people make sense of their social world
  • Social order is created from the bottom up
  • Social order is an accomplishment
• How does ethnomethodology challenge orthodox sociology?

  It emphasizes individual sense-making over structures
• What is the potential threat of indexicality in communication?

  Different interpretations can lead to conflict
• What type of experiments did Garfinkel conduct to study social order?

  Breaching experiments
• What is reflexivity in the context of Garfinkel's work?

  Making sense of context-dependent meanings
• What are the four zones of personal space identified in the contemporary experiment?

  • Public
  • Social
  • Personal
  • Intimate
• How does reflexivity apply when sitting next to someone on an empty train?

  It helps decide if the space is appropriate
• How does Garfinkel relate shared meanings to socialization?

  Shared meanings come from societal institutions
• How did Garfinkel use his theories to explain suicide?

  He analyzed social perceptions surrounding it
• What does raising your arm in an auction signify?

  You are indicating a purchase intention
• What is the significance of asking a question in a classroom setting?

  It indicates engagement and desire for knowledge
• What should students do to improve their essays on theory and methods?

  • Be more diverse in examples
  • Incorporate various theoretical perspectives
  • Relate theories to practical applications