Cell Division + Stem Cells

• Usage of Stem Cells: (medical) research eg growing organs or medical / patient treatment
• Objections to stem cell cloning: ethical / moral / religious objections, potential harm to embryo
• Embryonic stem cells are derived from an early stage embryo.
• Advantages of Stem Cells: Can be grown in a lab and can be used to treat disease, mass produced, can differentiate into anything
• Similarities of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic: cytoplasm • (cell) membrane • DNA / genetic material • ribosomes
• Differences: prokaryotic cell is smaller • prokaryotic cell has no mitochondria • prokaryotic cell has no nucleus or DNA is free in the cytoplasm or genetic material is free in the cytoplasm • prokaryotic cell has a single loop of DNA or prokaryotic cell has a single loop of genetic material ignore genetic information • prokaryotic cell has plasmids
• (stage 1) DNA / chromosomes replicate / duplicate

  mitochondria / ribosomes / sub-cellular structures increase in number or mitochondria / ribosomes / sub-cellular structures replicate

  (stage 2) one set of chromosomes is pulled / moved to each end of the cell

  (stage 3) the cytoplasm and cell membrane divides (to form two cells)