9 years war

• who was nine years war between

  England and France
• when was 9 yrs war

  1688 - 1697
• why did William get involved and for how long

  wanted to ensure catholic France wasn't able to dominate European politics , 6 year campaign
• what was yearly cost

  £5.5 million
• state lottery

  money making scheme , became Clear government needed to reconstruct government finances
• excise tax

  expanded to wider range of goods to increase custom duties
• land tax

  1692 - 1693
• public accounts act 1690

  way of making sure government income and expenditure was effective and money being spent appropriately
• million loan act 1693

  let William raise a loan of £1 million and guaranteed repayment out of parliament taxation
• Bank of England 1694 


  • underwrote debt under a new banking system
• civil list 1698

  provided William with annual income for personal expenses , all militia now parliaments responsibility

  £70 000 annually
• impact of financial reform

  • parliament controlled finance , increasing Williams dependence on them
  • parliament controlled military spending so could withhold it to manipulate William
  • parliament could determine government expenditure not the monarch giving it independence
  • 1698 crowns spending controlled through civil list so monarch couldn't use prerogative to avoid working with parliament