PROPERTIES

• TWO METHODS OF PRODUCING ALCOHOLS?

  fermentation of glucose and hydration of ethene
• EQUATION FOR FERMENTATION OF GLUCOSE?

  C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2
• EQUATION FOR HYDRATION OF ETHENE?

  C2H4 + H2O -> C2H5OH
• CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR FERMENTATION OF GLUCOSE?

  • anaerobic (no O2)
  • yeast catalyst
  • warm temperature
• CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR HYDRATION OF ETHENE?

  • high temperature (300 degrees Celsius)
  • high pressure (60 atm)
  • concentrated phosphoric acid catalyst
• ADVANTAGES OF USING FERMENTATION OVER HYDRATION?

  • sugar cane is a renewable resource (ethene is not)
  • low technology process
• ADVANTAGES OF USING HYDRATION OVER FERMENTATION?

  • continuous process (fermentation is a batch process)
  • makes ethanol quickly
  • makes pure ethanol
• WHY IS FERMENTATION ARGUED TO BE CARBON NEUTRAL?

  1. Photosynthesis
  2. Fermentation
  3. Combusion
• WHY IS FERMENATION ACTUALLY NOT CARBON NEUTRAL?

  1. Energy required for distillation
  2. Transport
• WHAT IS THE GENERAL FORMULA OF ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS?

  CnH(2n+1)OH
• WHAT ARE ALIPHATIC COMPOUNDS?

  straight/ branched
• DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATIONS OF ALCOHOLS?


  primary, secondary, tertiary (based on carbon molecule OH attached to)