Cells

• 3 cell theories

  1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
  2. A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organism
  3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
• Prokaryote

  • simples
  • oldest
  • smaller organelles
  • doesnt need oxygen
  • bacteria

  Eukaryote

  • larger organelles
  • more complex
  • many organelles
  • plant and animals
  • needs oxygen
• Cell membrane

  -controls the movement in and out of the cell

  -made up of phospholipid molecules
• Cytoplasm

  -jelly-like material the fills the spaces
• Nucleus

  -control center

  -largest and most visible

  -contains DNA
• Mitochondria

  -Power House

  -uses oxygen to make ATP (energy)
• Endoplasmic Reticulum

  -transport materials from the nucleus to the other parts of the cell

  -makes materials for use inside and outside of the cell

  -breaks down drugs and other chemicals
• Ribosomes

  -Protein Factories
• Golgi Bodies

  -stacks of membrane

  -processes, packages, and transports materials
• Vacuoles

  -storage for materials (ex: food, waste)
• Lysosomes

  -gets rid of waste materials

  -destroys itself to destroy waste

  -helps digest
• Chloroplasts

  -where photosynthesis takes place

  -found only in plant cells
• Cell Wall

  -provides strength and support
• Plant cell

  • has Chloroplasts
  • has Cell Wall
  • larger Vacuole
  • square shape
• Animal Cells

  • no Chloroplasts
  • no Cell Wall
  • smaller vacuole
  • round shape