Carbohydrates

• The basic monomer of a carbohydrate is a ...

  saccharide
• Monosaccharides are sweet tasting and have the general formula ...

  (CH2O)n
• The atoms in glucose form a ...

  ring structure
• In alpha glucose the OH is below carbon 1, in beta glucose the OH is above carbon 1.
• What is the name of the bond formed between two glucose molecules?

  glycosidic bond
• How is a glycosidic bond formed?

  condensation reaction
• How is a glycosidic bond broken?

  Hydrolysis
• What is formed when many glucose molecules joined together?

  polysaccharide
• What contains a mixture of amylose and amylopectin?

  starch
• Amylose is a ...

  1. Unbranched polymer
  2. It is formed of a-glucose molecules linked by 1-4 glycosidic bonds
• Amylopectin is a ...

  1. Branched polymer
  2. Formed of a-glucose and 1-6 glycosidic bonds
• What is the main storage product in animals?

  glycogen
• Glycogen is a ...

  1. Highly branched polymer
  2. Formed of a-glucose and 1-4 and 1-6 glycosidic bonds
• What is the main constituent of plant cell walls?

  Cellulose
• Cellulose is a ...

  1. unbranched polymer
  2. Made of B-glucose molecules linked by 1-4 glycosidic bonds
  3. Forms B-sheets of parallel strands held together by hydrogen bonding, which then form microfibrils
  4. Each glucose molecule is rotated by 180 degrees
• What is the main component of insects exoskeletons?

  Chitin
• Chitin is a ...

  1. unbranched polymer
  2. Formed of long chains of B-glucose joined by 1-4 glycosidic bonds
  3. It has amino acids added to form a mucopolysaccharide