biology photosynthesis

• • Leaves are the primary sites of photosynthesis in most plants, where sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide are converted into glucose and oxygen.
• • Chloroplasts, found in all green parts of a plant, including stems and unripened fruit, are responsible for photosynthesis. They have a complex structure with two membranes, a dense fluid called the stroma, and thylakoid sacs containing chlorophyll.
• • Stomata are microscopic pores on the leaf surface that regulate gas exchange, allowing carbon dioxide to enter and oxygen to exit.
• Photosynthesis is the process by which plants produce organic compounds and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of light
• • The chemical equation for photosynthesis is 6CO2 + 12H2O + Light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O.
• The Calvin cycle takes place outside the thylakoids in the stroma the thick fluid of the chloroplast.
• carbon dioxide molecules combine with molecules called RuBP.
• the resulting molecules go through a series of reactions powered by ATP and NADPH from the light reactions.
• sugar molecules known as G3Ps are produced. Most of the G3Ps are rearranged back into RuBPs that will begin the Calvin cycle again.
• The important product of photosynthesis is the remaining G3p sugar.
• Essential organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts to function properly.