Cognitive approach to depression

• What cognitive concept will be discussed in relation to depression?

  Schemas
• What does the cognitive approach suggest about depression?

  It is due to problems in internal mental processes
• How are schemas defined in psychology?

  Mental frameworks built from experience
• How do schemas help individuals navigate the world?

  They provide mental shortcuts for understanding
• What can negative schemas lead to?

  Biases about oneself and life events
• What are Beck's three types of negative schemas?

  • Negative beliefs about oneself
  • Negative beliefs about the world
  • Negative beliefs about the future
• What are cognitive distortions according to Beck?

  Faulty negative thinking patterns
• What is overgeneralization in cognitive distortions?

  Assuming one negative experience will always happen
• What is selective abstraction?

  Focusing on one negative detail out of context
• What does Ellis's ABC model stand for?

  Activating event, Belief, Consequence
• What does the 'A' in the ABC model represent?

  Activating event
• How do beliefs differ between those with and without depression in the ABC model?

  Beliefs can be rational or irrational
• What is 'masturbatory thinking' according to Ellis?

  Not accepting that the world isn't perfect
• What are the three musts that hold people back according to Ellis?

  Must do well, must be treated well, must be easy
• What research supports the role of rational thoughts in depression?

  • Grizzoli and Terry's study
  • 65 women recorded thinking styles
  • Negative thinking linked to postpartum depression
• What did March's study find about CBT and drug therapy?

  Both had an effectiveness rate of 81%
• What is a criticism of CBT regarding patient responsibility?

  It can be seen as victim blaming
• What is a potential issue with focusing on the present in therapy?

  It may overlook past trauma experiences
• What is a cost consideration for CBT compared to drug therapy?

  CBT is more expensive for health services
• What is a benefit of CBT in terms of long-term effects?

  It addresses root causes of depression
• What are the differences between Beck's CBT and Ellis's REBT?

  • Beck's CBT: Client discovers irrationality
  • Ellis's REBT: Therapist directly disputes beliefs
• What is the role of homework in Beck's CBT?

  To identify and challenge negative thoughts
• What is the purpose of shame attacking exercises in REBT?

  To confront fears and cope with disapproval
• What is the goal of both Beck's CBT and Ellis's REBT?

  To restructure irrational thoughts
• What did March's study reveal about combined treatment for depression?

  Combined treatment had an effectiveness rate of 86%
• Why might some patients prefer drug therapy over CBT?

  Due to lack of side effects
• What is a potential downside of the cognitive approach to depression?

  It may overlook social and economic factors
• What is the significance of the support from Patreon mentioned in the video?

  It allows for part-time teaching and resource creation