Maternal deprivation

• What is the focus of the attachment unit discussed?

  Healthy mother and infant attachments
• What happens to children if the mother-infant relationship is disrupted?

  They may develop issues in adulthood
• Who's theory will be reviewed regarding maternal deprivation?

  John Bowlby's theory
• What is privation in the context of maternal care?

  Complete absence of any maternal care
• Which group of children experienced privation in the 1980s?

  Romanian babies
• Why is having a primary attachment figure important?

  It influences future relationships and development
• What does Bowlby mean by "monotropy"?

  • Strong bond between infant and mother
  • Mother as a secure base for exploration
  • Critical for emotional and social development
• What is the critical period for forming a monotropic bond according to Bowlby?

  Up to 30 months post-birth
• What happens if the monotropic bond is interrupted during the critical period?

  The child experiences maternal deprivation
• What are the consequences of maternal deprivation according to Bowlby?

  Poor social and emotional development
• What is affectional psychopathy?

  Lack of affection or care for others
• How does maternal deprivation affect intellectual development?

  It may lead to lower IQ scores
• What does the internal working model refer to in Bowlby's theory?

  Schema about how relationships work
• What does the continuity hypothesis suggest?

  Ineffective internal working model leads to relationship challenges
• What was Bowlby's 44 thieves study about?

  Emotional disturbance in boys who were thieves
• What did Bowlby find in his 44 thieves study?

  Thieves experienced prolonged separation from caregivers
• Why is Bowlby's research considered correlational?

  Controlled experiments are impossible in this area
• What are the implications of Bowlby's attachment theory on public policy?

  Influenced changes in hospital visitor policies
• What is a criticism of Bowlby's emphasis on maternal deprivation?

  It may reinforce traditional gender roles
• What did Schaffer and others find about infant attachments?

  Infants can form multiple strong attachments
• What is the difference between deprivation and privation?

  • Deprivation: Insufficient emotional care
  • Privation: Complete absence of emotional care
• What does institutionalization refer to?

  Children raised under state care
• What are the long-term implications of institutionalization?

  Negative impacts on child development
• How many Romanian orphans were estimated to be abandoned after the revolution?

  Approximately 170,000 children
• What was the condition of the orphanages in Romania?

  Horrific conditions with insufficient care
• What did Rutter's study reveal about the impacts of early adoption?

  Age of adoption affects recovery from privation
• What were the three groups in Rutter's study?

  Adopted before 6 months, 6 months to 2 years, after 2 years
• What was a significant finding at age 6 in Rutter's study?

  Children adopted after 6 months showed disinhibited attachment
• What was the average IQ of children adopted after 24 months?

  Average IQ of 77
• What does Rutter's study suggest about the critical period?

  First few years are a sensitive period
• What changes resulted from the findings of the Romanian orphan studies?

  Shift in care and adoption policies
• What is a limitation of Rutter's study?

  Non-random nature of adoption selection
• What do other researchers suggest about the effects of institutionalization?

  Negative effects can be countered with intervention
• What did Hodges and Tizard's study find?

  Adopted children fared better in behavior
• What did Goldfarb's investigation reveal?

  Early fostering enhanced mental agility
• What is the significance of the support from patrons mentioned?

  Enables part-time teaching and resource creation
• What resources are available for patrons?

  Exclusive exam question tutorial videos
• Who were specifically thanked for their support?

  Kat Posnik and Ahmed Romani