the english reformation

• Who is famous for divorcing and beheading his wives?


  Henry VIII
• Why did Henry VIII want a son?

  To inherit the throne and carry on his legacy
• At what age did Henry VIII become King of England?

  18 years old
• What church did Henry VIII start?

  The Church of England
• How many times did Henry VIII marry?

  6 times
• What years did Henry VIII reign?

  1509 - 1547
• Who were the key figures in Protestantism?

  Luther and Zwingli
• What did Henry VIII make illegal in 1534?

  Papal marriage
• Who was Thomas Cromwell?

  Henry's close advisor
• What did Cromwell gain by reforming the churches?

  Money and land
• How many monasteries did Henry VIII dissolve?

  Over 800 monasteries
• What were the main reasons for Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church?

  • Religion: Criticism of the Catholic Church
  • Personal: Wanted a divorce
  • Power: Resented Church's influence
  • Money: Desired Church's wealth
• What was the role of priests in the Medieval Church?

  Very important in local community
• How did the Medieval Church influence daily life?

  Through festivals and rites
• What was the tax paid to the Church called?

  Tithes
• Why was the parish priest important?

  Connected the community and provided support
• How much more money did the Church earn compared to the King?

  10 times more
• Who was the leader of the Catholic Church?

  The Pope in Rome
• How did the Church influence government?

  Bishops sat in the House of Lords
• What did people do to ensure they went to Heaven?

  Made generous donations to the Church
• What was the role of the Lollards?

  Believed priests were unnecessary
• What did Humanists believe about the Bible?

  It should be in English for access
• Who was Thomas Wolsey?

  Henry's chief negotiator
• Why did Henry VIII want to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon?

  She had not produced a male heir
• What was the Act of Praemunire?

  Made it illegal for priests to obey the Pope
• Who was declared Supreme Head of the Church in 1534?

  Henry VIII
• What was the purpose of the 1534 Treason Act?

  Made it illegal to criticize Henry
• Who was the first Protestant Archbishop of Canterbury?

  Thomas Cranmer
• What did the visitations of the monasteries aim to find out?

  If leadership was weak and rules followed
• What was the outcome of the visitations in 1536?

  Led to the First Dissolution Act
• What were the criticisms of the Catholic Church during the Reformation?

  • Wealth and power of the Church
  • Pluralism among clergy
  • Church morals and celibacy issues
• What were the roles of key individuals in the Reformation?

  • Henry VIII: King, initiated break with Rome
  • Thomas Cromwell: Legal advisor, facilitated reforms
  • Anne Boleyn: Influenced Henry's Protestant shift
  • Thomas Cranmer: First Protestant Archbishop
• What did the Church provide to the needy?

  Alms and medicine
• What was the significance of the Act of Supremacy?

  Declared Henry as Supreme Head of the Church
• How did the Reformation affect the power of the Church?

  Reduced its wealth and influence
• What was the role of the Nun of Kent?

  Criticized Henry's annulment
• What happened to Bishop Fisher for opposing Henry?


  Executed in June 1535
• What was the significance of the 1533 annulment?

  Legitimized Henry's marriage to Anne Boleyn
• What did the Church's annual income in 1520 amount to?

  400,000
• How did the Church maintain its influence over people?

  Through fear of hell and hope of heaven