review

• Middle childhood Damon’s 3 stages of friendship

  4-7

  Children see friends as like themselves

  See friends as people to share activities with

  Do not take personal traits into account
• Middle childhood Damon’s 3 stages of friendship:

  8-10

  Children begin to takes others personal qualities into consideration

  Viewed in terms of the kinds of rewards they provide - social comparison

  Based on mutual trust
• Middle childhood - Damon’s 3 stages of friendship

  11-15

  Based on intimacy and loyalty

  Involve mutual disclosure and exclusivity

  Develop clear ideas about the behaviors they seek in friends - self selection
• Older preschoolers see friendship as a continuing state and as a stable relationship that has meaning beyond immediate moment  + pay attention to stress, supports and shared interests - remembering the wants and desires of their friends
• • Vasopressin 
  • Works in conjunction with oxytocin 
  • Increased pair bonding in males
• Oxytocin: bonding and social behavior, maternal behavior, love/cuddle, correlated with longevity in a relationship
• endorphins: regulates pain and emotion, resembles opiates, contact between primates causes an endorphin increase
• serotonin: SSRI, mood and emotional stability,
• norepinephrine: adrenaline, fight or flight, effects are manifested in arousal and in states of attraction
• dopamine: reward circuitry, reinforces behaviors when activated, reacts to natural rewards
• Triune brain

  mammalian/limbic brain: emotions and feelings

  reptilian: breathing, swallowing, survival

  neocortical brain: higher thinking, strategy, reasoning
• nonverbal communication:

  facial expression

  eye and gazing behavior

  body movement (posture and gestures)

  touch

  interpersonal distance

  smell

  paralanguage (pitch, rhythm, etc)

  combining components (mimicry)
• topographic organization of the brain: frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, and cerebellum
• factors contributing to attraction:

  affective influences

  propinquity

  scarcity

  attraction

  similarity
• 3 brain systems:

  1. Sex drive
  2. Attachment
  3. Attraction
• reproductive strategies:

  monogamy, monandry, polygamy, polyandry