306 Quizzes

• Gender Binary

  Hierarchical system placing men above women and valuing masculinity over femininity
• Patriarchy


  Control of female and younger male family members by select adult men, with full rights and power
• Democratic Brotherhood


  Distribution of citizenship rights to certain men, replacing full patriarchy
• Modified Patriarchies


  Societies with formal gender equality but where power is still conflated with men and masculinity
• Sexism

  Favoring one sex over the other, both ideologically and in practice
• Androcentrism


  Granting higher status, respect, and power to the masculine over the feminine
• Subordination


  Placing women into positions that make them subservient or dependent on men
• Hegemonic Masculinity


  Idealized masculinity performance justifying and naturalizing gender inequality
• Hierarchy of Masculinity


  Rough ranking of men from most to least masculine, assuming more is always better
• Emasculation


  A loss of masculinity
• Precarious Masculinity


  The idea that manhood is more difficult to maintain and easier to lose than femininity
• Compensatory Masculinity


  Acts undertaken to reassert one's manliness in the face of a threat
• Colorism


  A racist preference for light over dark skin
• Hypermasculinity


  Extreme conformity to the more aggressive rules of masculinity
• Toxic Masculinity

  Enactments of masculinities that are harmful to both the men who enact them and to the people around them
• Patriarchal Bargain


  Accepting some costs of patriarchy in exchange for receiving some of its rewards
• Hybrid Masculinities

  Gender strategies incorporating symbols, performances, and identities associated with women or low-status men
• Intersectionality

  The interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, and gender
• Identity


  A shifting phenomena influenced by multiple social and political arenas
• Power


  Varies between and across social and political arenas, influenced by cultural context
• Ability


  Influences how individuals do gender based on how their environments accommodate them
• Desexualization


  The process of being deprived of sexual characteristics or qualities
• Degendering


  The process of being deprived of gender identity or expression
• Privilege


  Unearned access to resources only readily available to some people because of their social group membership
• Oppression


  Prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or control
• Ableism


  Discrimination or prejudice against individuals with disabilities
• Impairment


  The state of being diminished, weakened, or damaged, especially mentally or physically
• Medical Model of Disability

  Views disability as a problem within an individual's body, to be solved by medical intervention
• Social Model of Disability

  Suggests that disability is caused by the way society is organized, rather than by a person's impairment or difference
• Bechdel Test


  A measure of the representation of women in fiction, asking whether a work features at least two women who talk to each other about something other than a man
• Cheerleading


  A physical activity in which the participants (cheerleaders) cheer for their team as a form of encouragement
• Gender Rules


  Societal expectations and norms regarding the behavior, attitudes, and activities that are considered appropriate for individuals based on their gender
• Feminine Apologetic


  The requirement for women to balance their appropriation of masculine interests, traits, and activities with feminine performance
• Pariah Femininities


  Ways of being a woman that directly challenge men's dominance and are widely and aggressively policed
• Modified Patriarchy


  A system in which women have gained more rights and privileges, but gender inequality still exists
• Orchestra Auditions


  Process where moving footwear increased women's odds of advancing
• Benevolent Sexism


  Attribution of positive traits to women justifying their subordination to men
• Hostile Sexism

  Use of harassment, threats, and violence to enforce women's subservience to men
• Aggrieved Entitlement

  Anger over unjustly withheld entitlements, rooted in men's feelings of entitlement
• Sexual Violence


  Partly driven by men's entitlement to women's bodies, leading to high rates of intimate partner violence