Attach summary

• What forms the foundation of early childhood development?

  Caregiver-infant interactions
• How do caregiver-infant interactions influence relationships?

  They help establish secure attachment patterns
• What is interactional synchrony?

  A synchronized pattern of caregiver-infant interactions
• What did Isabella et al. research demonstrate?

  High synchrony leads to secure attachment
• What are key aspects of successful caregiver-infant interactions?

  Maintaining eye contact and responding promptly
• What does attunement refer to in caregiver-infant interactions?

  The caregiver's ability to read emotional states
• How does sensitive caregiving impact development?

  It significantly impacts cognitive and emotional development
• What are the four attachment styles?

  Secure, anxious-ambivalent, anxious-avoidant, disorganized
• What can the quality of early interactions predict?

  Social competence and emotional resilience
• What is reciprocity in caregiver-infant interactions?

  A mutual responsiveness between caregiver and infant
• What did the Tronick Still-Face Experiment demonstrate?

  The importance of responsive interactions for attachment
• What is interactional synchrony characterized by?

  Mirrored actions and emotions between parent and child
• What did Meltzoff and Moore's research find?

  Evidence for interactional synchrony in infants
• What methodological challenges do researchers face in studying infant-caregiver interactions?

  Interpreting infant actions due to limited communication
• How have filmed observations impacted attachment research?

  They allow for detailed analysis and improved reliability
• What ethical considerations are important in attachment research?

  Potential emotional impact on infants
• What are the four stages of attachment development according to Schaffer and Emerson?

  Asocial, indiscriminate, specific, multiple attachments
• What did Schaffer and Emerson's study reveal about specific attachment?

  80% of infants showed specific attachment by 40 weeks
• What role do fathers play in attachment according to research?

  Fathers often serve as secondary attachment figures
• What did Grossman's research reveal about fathers' interactions?

  Quality of fathers' play relates to attachment security
• What is imprinting?

  A biological phenomenon of recognizing a parent figure
• What did Lorenz's research on imprinting demonstrate?

  Early experiences shape attachment behaviors
• What did Harlow's monkey experiments reveal about attachment?

  Comfort contact is more crucial than food
• What were the key phases in Harlow's experiments?

  Examining monkeys' preferences and behaviors
• What long-term effects did Harlow observe from maternal deprivation?

  Severe behavioral consequences like aggression
• What does the learning theory of attachment propose?

  Children form attachments to those who meet needs
• What does "cupboard love" refer to?

  Attachment to caregivers who feed them
• How does classical conditioning relate to attachment?

  Associating caregiver with food and comfort
• What criticism does the learning theory face?

  Play interactions are more significant than feeding
• What does Bowlby's monotropic theory emphasize?

  Attachment is vital, innate, and adaptive
• What is the Internal Working Model?

  Mental templates of relationships from early experiences
• What are social releasers in attachment theory?

  Innate behaviors encouraging caregiver responses
• What is the critical period for attachment development?

  Birth to 2.5 years
• What did Bailey's findings link to attachment patterns?

  Mothers' attachment histories to infants' patterns
• What did Schaffer and Emerson's research show about multiple attachments?

  Multiple attachments can form simultaneously
• What are the three primary attachment classifications?

  Secure, insecure resistant, insecure avoidant
• What did the studies of 106 infants reveal about secure attachment?

  60-75% of British toddlers are securely attached
• What characterizes insecure resistant attachment?

  High anxiety and intense attachment behaviors
• What characterizes insecure avoidant attachment?

  Low anxiety and weak attachment bonds
• Why is understanding attachment patterns crucial for psychology studies?

  They provide insight into early relationship formation