Sex hormones

• Where is oestrogen produced?

  Ovaries
• What is the role of the hormone oestrogen?

  Builds up uterus lining in preparation for pregnancy
• What does oestrogen inhibit?

  FSH
• What does oestrogen stimulate?

  LH
• Around which days does oestrogen peak?

  12-14
• What hormone stimulates the release of oestrogen?

  FSH
• Where is progesterone produced?

  Ovaries
• What is the role of progesterone?

  Maintains uterus lining
• What does progesterone inhibit?

  FSH and LH
• When in the menstrual cycle is progesterone higher?

  • Towards the end
  • Increases after day 14
• Where is FSH produced?

  Pituitary gland
• What does FSH stimulate?

  Oestrogen
• What is the role of FSH?

  Stimulates an egg to mature
• When in the menstrual cycle does FSH peak?

  Day 11-12
• Where is LH produced?

  Pituitary gland
• On which day in the mentrual cycle is an egg released?

  14
• What is the release of an egg called?

  Ovulation
• What is the role of LH?

  Stimulates ovulation/releases egg
• On which days is LH highest?

  13-14
• What hormone inhibits LH?

  Progesterone
• What hormone inhibits FSH?

  Progesterone
• On which days of the menstrual cycle is the period?

  The first 5-7 days
• Which acronym helps you remeber the interaction between sex hormones?

  FOLP
• What happens if there is no pregnancy?

  Progesterone decreases causing a period
• What are the 3 examples of hormonal contraceptives?

  • Pill
  • Implant
  • Patches
• What hormones do hormonal contraceptives have?

  • Oestrogen
  • Progesterone
• Why do hormonal contraceptives contain oestrogen?

  Inhibits FSH to prevent eggs from maturing
• Why is progesterone in hormonal contraceptives?

  Inhibits LH and FSH preventing the maturation and release of sn egg
• What hormones may be given during a fertility treatment?

  • FSH
  • LH
• Why are FSH and LH given as fertility treatment?

  • Mature and release more eggs
  • Higher chance of fertilisation
• What method of fertility treatment may be used if giving female FSH and LH is ineffective?

  IVF
• What are the advantages of IVF?

  • Safe
  • Spare embryos can be used for stem cell treatment
  • Can have own baby
• What are the disadvantages of IVF?

  • Low success rate
  • Can have multiple births
  • Emotionally/physically stressful
• What is IVF?

  • Fertility treatment
  • Egg is fertilised outside of body in science lab
  • Embryo is implanted back into mother
• What does the dotted negative feedback line mean on a negative feedback diagram?

  Inhibits/stops
• What do the black (not dotted) lines on a negative feedback diagram mean?

  Stimulates
• What does high levels of progesterone prevent?

  The break down of uterus cells