Movement of substances

• Define diffusion

  The movement of particles from an area of hig concentration to low concentration
• If there is a large surface area, will the rate of diffusion be faster or slower?

  Faster
• If there is a lower temperature, will the rate of diffusion be faster or slower?

  Slower
• If there is a bigger concentration gradient, will the rate of diffusion be slower or faster?

  Faster
• If there is a smaller surface area, will the rate of diffusion be faster or slower?

  Slower
• If there is a higher temperature, will the rate of diffusion be faster or slower?

  Faster
• Which 3 factors affect the rate of diffusion?

  Temperature, concentration gradient, surface area
• Which process do dissolved substances use to move in and out of cells?

  Diffusion
• Define osmosis

  The movement of water from a dilute solution to a concentrated solution throug a partially permeable membrane
• Is osmosis active or passive?

  Passive
• Define passive

  Doesn't require energy
• If there are more water particles then sugar particles is this dilute or concentrated?

  Dilute
• If there are more sugar particles than water particles does this mean the solution is dilute or concentrated?

  Concentrated
• Does osmosis move from dilute to concentrated or concentrated to dilute?

  Dilute to concentrated
• What kind of movement requires energy?

  Active transport
• Describe active transport in root hair cells?

  The concentration of minerals is higher inside the cell than in the soil outside. The minerals move against the concentration gradient into the root hair cell. These minerals are essential for growth. This process requires energy from respiration.
• Give 2 example of active transport

  Human gut, root hair cell
• Describe the active transport in a human gut

  There is a lower concentration of nutrients in the gut than in the blood. This allows the nutrients to be taken into the blood via active transport against the concentration gradient. This means that glucose can get into the bloodstream and be taken to cells for respiration.