Atmosphere

• How is carbon monoxide produced from hydrocarbon fuels?

  Incomplete combustion ( limited supply of oxygen)
• Suggest one reason for the decrease of emission of atmospheric pollution

  More use of renewable energy/ electric cars
• How long ago did the Earth form?

  4.6 billion years ago
• What percentage of the atmosphere is nitrogen?

  78%
• What percentage of the atmosphere is oxygen?

  21%
• What percentage of the atmosphere is carbon dioxide?

  0.04%
• What gases can be found in the earths atmosphere in very small amounts other than carbon dioxide?

  • Water vapour
  • Methane
• Why has the composition of nitrogen in the Earth's atmosphere increased over time?

  Volcanic activity
• Explain the role the evolution of plants had on the composition of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere?

  • Algae + plants produced oxygen by photosynthesis
  • They take in carbon dioxide
  • Carbon dioxide + water -> glucose + oxygen
  • Oxygen first appeared due to algae
  • As plants evolved = more oxygen = increased composition of O2
  • As plants evolved = more carbon dioxide taken in = decreasing composition of CO2
• How is acid rain caused?

  Sulfur dioxide turns to acid in moist air
• Why does a high concentration of carbon monoxide in the aur cause someone to become seriously ill?

  • Binds to haemoglobin in the blood
  • Prevents it from carrying oxygen
  • Reduces oxygen supply to vital organs like the heart and lungs