Life and Bacteria

• autotrophs: organisms that make their own food from inorganic molecules
• heterotrophs: organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms
• phototrophs: organisms that obtain energy from light
• chemotrophs: organisms that obtain energy from chemicals
• photoautotrophs: organisms that can make their own energy using light and carbon dioxide
• chemoautotrophs: organisms that obtain energy from inorganic chemical substances
• photoheterotrophs: organisms that use light as a source of energy and organic compounds as a source of carbon
• chemoheterotrophs: organisms that obtain energy organic chemical substances
• sexual reproduction: the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote
• asexual reproduction: produces genetically identical offspring
• types of bacteria:

  • spherical (cocci)
  • rod-shaped (bacilli)
  • spiral (spirilla)
• contractile vacuole: pumps water out of the cell