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1338 - Intro to Adv. Practice
AEMT Meds
2. IV Fluids
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Cards (23)
Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Dose
IV infusion of 10% dextrose in water
0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Contraindications
Severe hypertension
Pulmonary edema/heart failure
Use with caution with renal insufficiency
0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Class
Isotonic crystalloid solution used for fluid replacement
0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Dose
1. IV infusion titrated to physiologic response, generally SBP > 90 mmHg
2. Rapid administration in: Heatstroke
3. Diabetic ketoacidosis
4. Freshwater drowning
Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Mechanism of action
1. Provides a source of water and carbohydrate (340 kcal/L)
2. May minimize liver glycogen depletion
Lactated Ringer’s solution - Dose
IV infusion titrated to physiologic response, generally SBP > 90 mmHg
Lactated Ringer’s solution - Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
to
lactated ringer’s solution
or any of its
components
Not for use in treatment of
lactic acidosis
or
severe metabolic acidosis
Avoid in
heart
or
liver failure
Not to be used as a route for medication administration due to a
precipitation effect
with several medications
Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Contraindications
Suspected increased ICP/intracranial hemorrhage (use with caution)
Lactated Ringer’s solution - Class
Isotonic crystalloid solution used for fluid replacement
0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Electrolytes
154 mEq/L Na+ and Cl- (sodium and chloride ions)
Lactated Ringer’s solution - Electrolytes
130
mEq/L Na+ (sodium ion)
109
mEq/L Cl- (Chloride ion)
28
mEq/L lactate ion
4
mEq/L K+ (potassium ion)
3
mEq/L Ca++ (calcium ion)
Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Side effects
Hyperglycemia
Cerebral hemorrhage
/
ischemia
Extravasation
causes
tissue necrosis IV
/
IO
Patients may complain of
pain
,
warmth
or
burning
at site
Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Indications
Hypoglycemia from any cause
Altered mentation with a Glucose level < 70 mg /dL
Newborn with heart rate < 60 bpm
Status epilepticus
Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Route
IV or IO
Lactated Ringer’s solution - Side effects
Can cause clinically relevant electrolyte disturbances and acid-base imbalance
Overhydration can cause pulmonary congestion and/or edema
Lactated Ringer’s solution - Indications
Fluid
replacement in
hypovolemic
shock and
hypoperfusion
Lactated Ringer’s solution - Route
IV or IO
0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Mechanism of action
1. Replaces water and electrolytes
2. Expands intravascular volume
Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Class
Carbohydrate
Anti-hypoglycemic
0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Route
IV or IO
Lactated Ringer’s solution - Mechanism of action
1. Replaces water and electrolytes
2. Expands intravascular volume
3. Alkalinizing agent with a pH of 6.5
0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Indications
Fluid replacement in: Hypovolemia
Heat-related problems
Freshwater drowning
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Provides a route for medication administration
Use for Keep Vein Open infusion
0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Side effects
Overhydration
can cause
pulmonary edema