2. IV Fluids

Cards (23)

  • Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Dose
    IV infusion of 10% dextrose in water
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Contraindications
    • Severe hypertension
    • Pulmonary edema/heart failure
    • Use with caution with renal insufficiency
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Class
    • Isotonic crystalloid solution used for fluid replacement
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Dose
    1. IV infusion titrated to physiologic response, generally SBP > 90 mmHg
    2. Rapid administration in: Heatstroke
    3. Diabetic ketoacidosis
    4. Freshwater drowning
  • Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Mechanism of action
    1. Provides a source of water and carbohydrate (340 kcal/L)
    2. May minimize liver glycogen depletion
  • Lactated Ringer’s solution - Dose
    IV infusion titrated to physiologic response, generally SBP > 90 mmHg
  • Lactated Ringer’s solution - Contraindications
    • Hypersensitivity to lactated ringer’s solution or any of its components
    • Not for use in treatment of lactic acidosis or severe metabolic acidosis
    • Avoid in heart or liver failure
    • Not to be used as a route for medication administration due to a precipitation effect with several medications
  • Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Contraindications
    • Suspected increased ICP/intracranial hemorrhage (use with caution)
  • Lactated Ringer’s solution - Class
    • Isotonic crystalloid solution used for fluid replacement
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Electrolytes
    • 154 mEq/L Na+ and Cl- (sodium and chloride ions)
  • Lactated Ringer’s solution - Electrolytes
    • 130 mEq/L Na+ (sodium ion)
    • 109 mEq/L Cl- (Chloride ion)
    • 28 mEq/L lactate ion
    • 4 mEq/L K+ (potassium ion)
    • 3 mEq/L Ca++ (calcium ion)
  • Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Side effects
    • Hyperglycemia
    • Cerebral hemorrhage/ischemia
    • Extravasation causes tissue necrosis IV/IO
    • Patients may complain of pain, warmth or burning at site
  • Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Indications
    • Hypoglycemia from any cause
    • Altered mentation with a Glucose level < 70 mg /dL
    • Newborn with heart rate < 60 bpm
    • Status epilepticus
  • Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Route
    • IV or IO
  • Lactated Ringer’s solution - Side effects
    • Can cause clinically relevant electrolyte disturbances and acid-base imbalance
    • Overhydration can cause pulmonary congestion and/or edema
  • Lactated Ringer’s solution - Indications
    • Fluid replacement in hypovolemic shock and hypoperfusion
  • Lactated Ringer’s solution - Route
    • IV or IO
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Mechanism of action
    1. Replaces water and electrolytes
    2. Expands intravascular volume
  • Dextrose 10% solution (D10) - Class
    • Carbohydrate
    • Anti-hypoglycemic
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Route
    • IV or IO
  • Lactated Ringer’s solution - Mechanism of action
    1. Replaces water and electrolytes
    2. Expands intravascular volume
    3. Alkalinizing agent with a pH of 6.5
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Indications
    • Fluid replacement in: Hypovolemia
    • Heat-related problems
    • Freshwater drowning
    • Diabetic ketoacidosis
    • Provides a route for medication administration
    • Use for Keep Vein Open infusion
  • 0.9% Sodium Chloride solution - Side effects
    • Overhydration can cause pulmonary edema