HEALTH: First Aid

• Is immediate care one should provide when a person is injured or ill until full medical treatment is available.

  First Aid
• Objectives:

  To alleviate suffering

  To prevent added/further injury or danger

  To prolong life
• Characteristics Of A Good First Aider:

  • Gentle
  • Observant
  • Resourceful
  • Tactful
  • Sympathetic
  • Respectful
• is a rapid assessment process used in emergency medicine to quickly identify and address life-threatening conditions in an injured or ill person.

  Primary Survey
• Primary Survey is also known as ABC method.
• D - Danger: The first step is to assess the scene for any potential dangers to yourself or the victim.
• R - Response: Check the victim's level of consciousness by asking simple questions and gently tapping their shoulders.
• A - Airway: Assess the victim's airway to determine if it is clear and open. Look, listen, and feel for any signs of airway obstruction, such as snoring, gurgling, or difficulty breathing.
• B - Breathing: Check the victim's breathing by observing for chest rise and fall, listening for breath sounds, and feeling for airflow.
• C - Circulation: Assess the victim's pulse and check for signs of circulation, such as skin color, temperature, and capillary refill.
• Transporting an injured person to a safer place requires great care. When doing this, a first aider must consider the following factors:

  • Weight and height of the victim
  • Status of the Victim
  • Environment
  • Special need considerations
• One-person Lift

  • This only works with a child or a very light person
  • Put your arms under the victim’s knees and around their back.
• Human Crutch

  In this method, conscious victims can use rescuers as crutches in swinging their legs.
• Four-Handed Seated

  • This method entails carrying conscious and alert victims to moderate distances. Rescuers grab wrists as shown forming the seat.
  • Allow the victim to sit by lowering the seat using legs, not the back. Victim’s arms are placed around the rescuers’ neck
  • Rescuers stand using legs and keep their back straight.
• Two-handed Seat

  • Rescuers grasp each other’s wrist and stand with proper lifting technique.
  • Walk in the direction where the victim is facing.
• Chair Carry

  • Have the victim sit on the chair.
  • The rescuer positioned on the victim’s head hold the chair with palms. He/She then tilt the chair.
  • The second rescuer faces in and holds the chair legs.
• Hammock Carry

  • Rescuers reach under the victim and grasp one wrist of the opposite rescuer. Rescuers on the ends will only grasp.
  • Rescuers at the end will use their free hand to support the victim’s head, feet/legs.
• Common unintentional injuries:

  • Sprain
  • Food poisoning
  • Dislocation
  • Drowning
  • Chemical Burns
• Sprain - ligaments around the joint are stretched or torn.
• Food poisoning- is a condition caused by consuming contaminated food or beverages. It occurs when food is contaminated with harmful bacteria, viruses, parasites, or toxins, which can lead to illness when ingested.
• Dislocation - is a medical term used to describe the displacement of a bone from its normal position within a joint.
• Drowning - occurs when a person experiences respiratory impairment due to submersion or immersion in liquid, typically water.
• Chemical burns- happen when the skin is damaged by burning and can no longer function effectively against infection.