Reflection and refraction

• Waves are reflected at the boundary of two different materials
• laws of reflection

  Angle of Incidence =Angle of Reflection
• Specular Reflection


  Reflection on a Smooth Surface (up)
• Diffuse Reflection


  Reflection on a Rough Surface /image scattered in all directions
• Refraction

  The change in direction of a wave at a boundary of two materials
• Density


  Denser material - Slower wave travels through it
• Refraction

  • If passing to a higher density medium, the wave will slow down causing it to bend towards the normal
  • If passing to a less dense medium, the wave will speed up causing it to bend away from the normal