WEEK 3

• Literature


  It mirrors human existence and exudes the reality of life through letters and symbols.
• Literature is divided into prose and poetry. They both differ in form, structure, style, but both deliver themes relatable to life.
• Poetry


  It is said to be the oldest form of literature.
• Poetry


  It is a literary work written in stanzas or verse form.
• Poetry

  The language of this literary work is expressed in metrical, rhythmical, figurative language, and imaginative tone.
• Poetry


  This literary work’s appeal is to awaken the reader’s emotion.
• Poetry


  This literary work aims to widen the imagination of the readers and set an example on how life should be.
• In poetry, words are played with rhythm to show creativity and style.
• There are 5 Elements of Poetry: Density, Line, Imagery, Rhythm, Sound.
• Density 


  It is what distinguishes poetry from prose.
• Density


  This is the ability of a poetry to say little and mean much more through the use of metaphors, sounds, and rhythm, etc.
• Line


  It is an important part of poetry.
• Line 


  It is an element that makes poetry unique from prose.
• We are not obliged to write periods in a poetry since it does not follow the rules of grammar. Instead, it makes use of the poetic license.
• Line in poetry is like sentence in prose.
• Imagery


  This is one of the essential elements of poetry that gives the reader the totality of the poem.
• Powerful imageries in the poem are used to make it appealing to the sense of the reader.
• Imagery is in the form of words, images, symbol.
• Rhythm


  It refers to the sound pattern and arrangement of rhyming words in a poem.
• The type of stanza is determined by the number of lines:

  • A couplet contains two lines.
  • A quatrain contains four lines.
  • A sestet includes six lines.
  • An octave features eight lines.
• Sound


  It refers to how the poem sounds like. Poems that sounded soft and melodious are called euphony. Poems that sounded stiff and brittle are called cacophony.
• Figurative Language


  It is a type of language that varies from the norms of literal language and does not exactly mean what it says.
• Figurative language is sometimes called as the “ornaments of language”.
• Figurative Language


  It is used to add emotional intensity and brings the readers imaginative pleasure.
• Simile


  It is a type of literary device that compares two things by using words such as like, as, than, similar to, resembles, compare, or seems.
• Metaphor


  It is a type of literary device that compares two unrelated things that share a common characteristic.
• Personification 


  It is a type of literary device that gives life to non-living things.
• Apostrophe


  It is a type of literary device used when someone absent or non-human is addressed as if it were alive and could reply.
• Allusion


  It is a type of literary device that contains a reference from a previous work that is used to broaden the meaning of a piece of writing.
• Symbol


  It is a type of literary device used when something means more than what it is.
• Irony


  It is a type of literary device in which, words are used to convey a meaning opposite to its literal sense.
• There are 3 types of Irony: Situational Irony, Verbal Irony, Dramatic Irony.
• Situational Irony


  It is a type of irony that happens when the opposite of what is expected to happen occurs, such as taking an umbrella on a day that ends up being sunny and bright.
• Verbal Irony


  It is a type of irony that occurs when what a speaker says is the exact opposite of what the speaker means, such as when someone says “it’s such a beautiful day” on a rainy day.
• Dramatic Irony


  It is a type of irony that occurs when the audience or reader knows what is ironic in the situation, but the character does not, such as when Snow White innocently eats an apple the reader knows is cursed.
• Hyperbole


  It is a type of literary device that uses exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis.
• Understatement 


  It is a type of literary device used to undervalue something. It is the opposite of hyperbole.
• Metonymy


  It is a type of literary device used when a name is replaced by something closely associated with it.
• Synecdoche 


  It is a type of literary device in which, a part represents the whole.
• Oxymoron


  It is a type of literary device used when two opposite words are used together.