phys2

• SCIENTIFIC NOTATION

  → A form of presenting very large numbers or very small numbers in simpler form
• 4.5 and 4.53 are the COEFFICIENTS

  10 is the BASE

  4 and -3 are the EXPONENTS
• SCIENTIFIC NOTATION RULES

  1. The base should be always 10

  2. The exponent must be a non-zero integer, that means it can be either positive or negative

  3. The absolute value of the coefficient is greater than or equal to 1 but should be less than 10

  4. Coefficients can be positive or negative numbers including whole and decimal numbers

  5. Coefficient must be equal to the significant numbers
• ELECTRIC CHARGE = it is the state of having either more electrons than protons (negative charge) or

  having more protons than electrons (positive charge)
• CHARGE SUBSTANCES

  Substances become electrically charge as follows:

  • POSITIVELY CHARGE = if the substance has more protons than electrons

  • NEGATIVELY CHARGE = if the substance has more electrons than protons

  • NEUTRALCHARGE = when the substance has an equal number of protons and electrons
• LAW OF ELECTRIC CHARGE

  • REPULSION = like charges repel each other

  • ATTRACTION = unlike charges attract each other
• NET ELECTRIC CHARGE

  • Net charge is the total charge found in an electromagnetic system

  • Net charge is the charge that there is more of in an object
• WHEREIN

  Fe = Electric Force (N or kg•m/s2)

  k = Coulomb’s constant (8.988 x109 Nm2/C2)

  q1 q2 = Electric charge (Coulomb or C)

  r

  2 = distance (m)
• ELECTRIC FIELD

  → Said to exist in the region or space around a charged object, the source charge

  → The electric force per unit charge (N/C or Newton/Coulomb)
• WHEREIN: E = electric field (N/C)

  F = electric force (N)

  k = Coulomb’s constant (8.988 x109 Nm2/C2)

  q = electric charge (C)

  r

  2 = distance (m)
• ELECTRIC FIELD LINES

  → the direction of the fields is defined by the force on a positive test charge (always)

  → charge (source charge); test charge (electric field)
• A positive test

  charge is repelled by

  a positive charge so

  the direction extends

  away from it
• A positive test charge

  is attracted by a

  negative charge so

  the direction is

  towards a negative

  point charge
• Electric field lines of

  two same point

  charges
• Electric field lines of

  two opposite point

  charges