2019

• • which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood away from the heart to the lungspulmonary artery
• • where are the pacemaker cells foundright atrium
• • what is digitalis made fromfoxgloves
• • effect of exercise on the body
  • during exercise the body needs to transfer more energy
  • energy is transferred during respiration
  • the rate off respiration increases during exercise so more oxygen is needed
• • effect off beta blockers during exercise
  • they reduce the increase in heart rate during exercise
  • they reduce stroke volume
  • they reduce cardiac output
  • so the heart can't supply oxygen fast enough to make new cells
• • which enzyme digests starch

  amylase
• • reagent used to test for starch

  Iodine Solution
• • reagent used to test for sugar

  Benedict’s Solution
• • investigations are carried out in the daylight because in the dark

  there is no photosynthesis so the stomata is closed because no CO2 is neededso no transpiration occurs
• what pathogen causes malaria

  protist
• methods to prevent people from catching malaria

  1. insecticides - to kill mosquitos
  2. mosquito nets - to avoid being bitten
  3. vaccination - to be immune
  4. insect repellent - to avoid being bitten
• bacteria cell is smaller than a eukaryotic cell

  • bacteria cell does not have a nucleus
• how are nitrate ions used to help plants grow

  • nitrate ions are used with glucose
  • to form amino acids
  • which are needed to synthesise proteins needed for growth
• Explain why beta blockers can cause people to get out of breath during exercise (use Table 1).

  Answer :

  effect of exercise:– during exercise the body needs to transfer more energy– energy transferred during respiration– rate of respiration increases during exercise– so more oxygen is needed

  effect of beta blockers:– they reduce the increase in heart rate during exercise– they reduce stroke volume– they reduce cardiac output– so the heart can’t supply oxygen fast enough to muscle cells.