Factors which affects enzymes

• What factors affect the functioning of enzymes?

  Temperature and pH
• How does temperature affect the rate of enzyme-controlled reactions?

  Higher temperature increases reaction rate initially
• Why does the rate of reaction drop after 37°C?

  High temperatures break bonds in enzymes
• At what temperature does enzyme denaturation occur in this context?

  45°C
• What is the optimum temperature for enzyme activity mentioned in the video?

  37°C
• What happens to the active site when an enzyme is denatured?

  It changes shape and cannot bind substrate
• What is pH a measure of?

  Acidity
• How does pH affect enzyme activity?

  Extreme pH lowers the rate of reaction
• What is the optimal pH for most enzymes in the human body?

  Around 7 (neutral)
• What is the optimal pH for enzymes that work in the stomach?

  Around 2
• What are the effects of high or low pH on enzymes?

  • High or low pH lowers reaction rate
  • Bonds in enzymes start to break
  • Active site changes shape
  • Eventually leads to denaturation