Cardiovascular disease

• What is cardiovascular disease?

  Diseases of the cardiovascular system
• What are some treatments for cardiovascular diseases mentioned?

  Stents, statins, replacement valves
• What happens in coronary heart disease?

  Coronary arteries get blocked by fatty material
• How does blockage in coronary arteries affect blood flow?

  It narrows the lumen, reducing blood flow
• Why does the heart need a lot of oxygen?

  To keep working effectively
• What are the two main treatments for coronary heart disease?

  Stents and statins
• What is a stent?

  An expandable tube placed in arteries
• What are the benefits of stents?

  Quick surgery and long-term effectiveness
• What are the risks associated with stent surgery?

  Heart attack, infection, thrombosis
• What is a statin?

  A medication that alters cholesterol levels
• What are the two forms of cholesterol?

  Bad LDL and good HDL cholesterol
• How do statins affect cholesterol levels?

  Decrease bad cholesterol, increase good cholesterol
• What are the downsides of taking statins?

  Must be taken regularly, side effects possible
• What can cause damage to heart valves?

  Old age, heart attacks, infections
• What is the role of heart valves?

  Allow blood to flow in one direction
• What are the two main problems with faulty valves?

  Stiff valves or improper closure
• How can faulty valves be fixed?

  By replacing them with new valves
• What types of valves can be used for replacements?

  Biological or mechanical valves
• What is heart failure?

  Heart can't pump blood properly anymore
• What is the only proper treatment for severe heart failure?

  A new heart transplant
• What are artificial hearts?

  Man-made hearts used temporarily
• Why are artificial hearts not ideal?

  They are temporary fixes only
• Why can't we use pig or cow hearts for transplants?

  We need human donor hearts
• What is a risk of heart transplants?

  The body may reject the new heart
• What is an advantage of artificial hearts?

  They are not rejected by the immune system
• What additional transplant might be needed with heart disease?

  Heart and lung transplant
• What is a challenge with finding donor organs?

  It's hard to find matching donors
• What is mentioned about the website cognito.org?

  It offers videos, questions, and progress tracking
• What can you find on the cognito.org website?

  Questions, flashcards, exam style questions
• What is the benefit of signing up on cognito.org?

  Track your progress and study effectively