Cancer

• What is cancer?

  A disease caused by uncontrolled cell growth
• What is the relationship between cancer and abnormal cells?

  Abnormal cells grow uncontrollably and spread
• What is a tumor?

  An abnormal mass of cells
• How do tumors form?

  From uncontrolled growth and division of cells
• What are the two types of tumors?

  • Benign tumors
  • Malignant tumors
• Which type of tumor is considered cancer?

  Malignant tumors
• What characterizes a benign tumor?

  Cells are contained within one area
• Why are malignant tumors more dangerous?

  They invade other tissues and spread
• What happens to malignant tumor cells in the body?

  They can enter the bloodstream and spread
• What are secondary tumors?

  Tumors formed from cells that spread
• What are some lifestyle risk factors for cancer?

  • Smoking
  • Obesity
  • Ultraviolet light exposure
  • Alcohol consumption
• Which cancer is strongly linked to smoking?

  Lung cancer
• What other cancers are linked to smoking?

  Mouth, stomach, and cervical cancer
• How is obesity related to cancer?

  Linked to multiple types of cancer
• Which cancers are linked to obesity?

  Bowel, liver, and kidney cancer
• What is the link between ultraviolet light and cancer?

  UV exposure can damage skin cells
• What type of cancer is strongly linked to UV exposure?

  Skin cancer
• How does alcohol consumption relate to cancer risk?

  Increases risk of liver cancer
• What are genetic risk factors for cancer?

  • Inherited genes from parents
  • Example: BRCA genes linked to breast and ovarian cancer
• What are BRCA genes associated with?

  Breast and ovarian cancer
• Where can you find more educational resources on cancer?

  On the website cognito.org
• What resources does cognito.org provide?

  Videos, questions, flashcards, and past papers
• What feature does cognito.org offer for tracking progress?

  Tracks your study progress