Transpiration and translocation

• What is the process by which plants transport sugars?

  Translocation
• How do plants transport water?

  Through transpiration
• Where does photosynthesis occur in plants?

  In the leaves
• What are Flo cells primarily responsible for?

  Transporting sugars
• What are FL tubes made of?

  Flo cells arranged end to end
• What do the small pores between Flo cells allow?

  Movement of celsa
• What is celsa?

  A liquid mixture of water and sugar
• What can sugars be used for once transported?

  For energy or storage
• In which directions can the Flo tubes transport substances?

  Up or down
• What are xylem tubes made of?

  Dead xylem cells with no ends
• What is the role of xylem tubes?

  Transporting water and mineral ions
• What strengthens xylem tubes?

  Lignan
• What drives the movement of water through a plant?

  Evaporation of water from leaves
• What happens to water molecules during evaporation from leaves?

  They drag the rest of the chain up
• What is transpiration?

  Evaporation of water from leaves
• What is the transpiration stream?

  The chain of water molecules moving up
• What factors influence the rate of transpiration?

  Light intensity, temperature, air flow, humidity
• How does light intensity affect transpiration?

  Higher light increases photosynthesis and transpiration
• What happens to transpiration at night?

  It decreases due to closed stomata
• How does temperature affect the rate of transpiration?

  Higher temperature increases evaporation rate
• Why does high air flow increase transpiration?

  It maintains a high concentration gradient
• How does humidity affect transpiration?

  Higher humidity decreases the rate of transpiration
• What are the main components of plant mass transport systems?

  • Translocation: transport of sugars
  • Transpiration: transport of water
  • Flo tubes: made of Flo cells
  • Xylem tubes: made of dead xylem cells
• What are the effects of environmental factors on transpiration rates?

  • Light intensity: higher light increases transpiration
  • Temperature: higher temperature increases evaporation
  • Air flow: high air flow increases transpiration
  • Humidity: higher humidity decreases transpiration
• What is the relationship between transpiration and photosynthesis?

  • Transpiration allows for gas exchange
  • Photosynthesis requires open stomata
  • Water is essential for photosynthesis
• How does water move through a plant?

  • Driven by evaporation from leaves
  • Forms a transpiration stream
  • Water molecules pull each other up