READING N WRITING 1st Quiz

• Narration


  • Plot, setting, character, conflict, and theme are important elements
• Narration

  • Chronological ordering of events helps to show the reader how the story moves
• Narration


  • Signal words help to create unified thought and show the transition of events to the next
• Description


  • Detailed observation about the subject is essential
• Sensory languages are words or phrases used to describe how the subject looks, sounds, feels, smells, or tastes. They include adjectives and adverbs that show size, shape, texture, color, length, and feelings
• Types of Description


  • Objective Description
  • Subjective Description
• Objective Description


  • The writer presents an impartial and actual picture of the subject without biases
• Subjective Description


  • The writer gives a personal impression of what is observed
• Signal words for definitions


  • Defined as
  • known
  • the term means
  • is stated as
  • is used to mean
  • refers to
• Types of definition

  • Informal Definition
  • Formal Definition
• Informal Definition

  Denotation is the dictionary meaning of the word. Meanwhile, connotation is the secondary meaning of a word and not necessarily included in the dictionary
• Formal Definition

  Consists of three principal parts: the species (WORD) n + Genus (CLASS) + Differentiae. The WORD is the name of the object, process, or concept defined. This is usually followed by “is” and “are” and the CLASS or general group to which the objects belong
• Exemplification


  (or illustration) is the most common and effective pattern to explain an idea or point. In developing this kind of paragraph, the writer develops a general statement –the topic sentence, with one or more examples to support it
• Transitional expressions for exemplification


  • for instance
  • namely
  • to be specific
  • to clarify
  • to illustrate
  • for example
  • in short
  • as an example
  • here are a few examples
• Classification


  Is used when a writer needs to sort out or arrange subjects into groups or categories based on their common and shared characteristics
• Transitional expressions for classification


  • classified as
  • one kind
  • the last group
  • another kind
  • another
  • final type
  • the first category
  • are categorized as
  • the next part
• Claims


  are debatable statements. These are

  statements or arguments that an author wants a reader to believe.
• implicit claim 


  is indirectly expressed in the text and you need to look for clues or make inferences to understand its meaning.
• explicit claim 


  is directly and clearly stated in the text.

  It is when you can easily point out the information in the passage.
• • Three Types of Claim
  • Claim of FACT
  • Claim of POLICY
  • Claim of VALUE
• CLAIM OF FACT


  Claims of fact argue about topics that are quantifiable or can be proven with pieces of evidence.
• CLAIM OF POLICY


  Claims of policy argue that a certain action, policy, or law should be or should not be implemented.
• claim of policy also called as

  claim of solution because it suggests and supports policies and solutions, and the action to be taken is based on the results.
• CLAIM OF VALUE


  Claims of value argue about the quality or value of something.

  It is based on judgment and evaluation from a philosophical, aesthetic, or moral standpoint.
• claim of value also called as 


  Claims of judgement argue about the quality or value of something.

  It is based on judgment and evaluation from a philosophical, aesthetic, or moral standpoint.
• • Claims of value may talk about the following:
  • quality of somethingThe ballet performance was regarded by experts as excellent
  • morality Polygamy is not righteous in the Christian faith
  • something is better that the otherDemocracies are the only legitimate form of government