mat1

• Statistics

  A collection of methods for planning experiments, obtaining data, and then analyzing, interpreting and drawing conclusion based on the data
• Two aspects of Statistics


  • Theoretical
  • Applied
• Probability


  A field of mathematics that deals with chance
• Experiment

  An activity in which the results cannot be predicted with certainty
• Trial


  Each repetition of an experiment
• Outcome


  The result of an experiment
• Event


  Any collection of outcomes, and a simple event is an event with only one possible outcome of the experiment
• Random Variable


  Variables whose values are determined by chance
• Data


  The values that the variables can assume
• Quantitative Variables


  Numbers that represent an amount or a count
• Qualitative Variables


  Words or codes that represent a class or category
• Types of Data

  • Discrete
  • Continuous
• Types of Random Variable

  • Discrete Random Variable
  • Continuous Random Variable
• Discrete Random Variable

  • Number of artists in the Philippines
  • Number of students in a class
  • The number of toys in a box
• Continuous Random Variable


  • The temperature of the patients in a particular clinic lies between 37 to 40 degrees Celsius
  • The height of the building of SJBH in OLFU-AC
  • The energy released by a person per second
• Discrete Random Variable


  Refers to a random variable which takes only a limited or countable number of values
• Continuous Random Variable


  Deals with a random variable which takes any value between certain intervals
• Discrete Random Variables are defined as finite or countable variables
• Continuous Random Variables are defined as infinite or have lots of possible values to consider. They can be quantified to a high level of accuracy
• In tossing a fair coin thrice, the possible outcomes that one head and one tail will fall are considered
• Statistics

  A collection of methods for planning experiments, obtaining data, and then analyzing, interpreting and drawing conclusion based on the data
• Two aspects of statistics

  • Theoretical
  • Applied
• Probability


  A field of mathematics that deals with chance
• Experiment

  An activity in which the results cannot be predicted with certainty
• Trial


  Each repetition of an experiment
• Outcome


  The result of an experiment
• Event

  Any collection of outcomes
• Simple Event


  An event with only one possible outcome of the experiment
• Random Variable


  • Variables whose values are determined by chance
  • Data are the values that the variables can assume
  • Set of possible values from a random experiment
  • Real-valued function in which each outcome has a definite probability occurrence
• Qualitative Variables


  • Words or codes that represent a class or category
• Quantitative Variables

  • Numbers that represent an amount or a count
  • Discrete random variable which takes only limited or countable number of values
  • Continuous random variable which takes any value between certain intervals
• Measurable


  Characteristic of continuous variables that can be quantified to a high level of accuracy
• Probability distribution is a table, graph, formula, or notation which supplies the probability of a given outcome's occurrence
• Discrete Probability Distribution


  Consists of the values a random variable can assume and the corresponding probabilities of the values
• Two requirements for a probability distribution: The sum of the probabilities of all events in the sample space must be equal to one (1). The probability of each event in the sample space must be between or equal to 0 and 1
• Normal Distribution is a probability function that describes how the values of a variable are distributed
• Normal Curve


  Graphical representation of Normal Distribution
• Characteristics of a Normal Distribution

  • The Normal Distribution is a mathematical model represented by a bell-shaped curve which is symmetric with respect to the mean
  • The mean, median, and mode of the Normal Distribution are equal
  • The Normal Curve approaches, but never touches, the x-axis, as it extends farther away from the mean
  • The area under the Normal Curve is approximately equal to one (1) or 100%
  • The Standard Normal Distribution has a mean of zero (0) and a standard deviation of one
• Situations and corresponding instructions for Normal Distribution


  • Between zero and any number
  • Between two values with the same sign
  • Between a negative and a positive
  • Less than a negative value, or greater than a positive value
  • Greater than a negative value, or less than a positive value
• Standardizing the Normal Curve


  Notation where u is the mean, o is the standard deviation, x is the value/score