Pathogens

• What is a pathogen?

  Microorganisms that cause infectious disease
• How do bacteria cause illness?

  By reproducing rapidly and releasing toxins
• What are toxins?

  Harmful chemicals released by bacteria
• What virus is mentioned that can lead to AIDS?

  HIV
• How do viruses reproduce?

  Inside a host cell
• What happens to a host cell when a virus reproduces inside it?

  The cell can burst open and die
• How are pathogens spread through the air?

  In water droplets
• How can HIV be spread?

  By sharing infected needles
• What is one way to reduce the spread of pathogens?

  Practicing basic hygiene
• What substance is added to UK drinking water to kill microorganisms?

  Chlorine
• How does using a condom help prevent the spread of HIV?

  It reduces direct contact between individuals
• Why might patients with highly infectious diseases be isolated?

  To prevent the pathogen from spreading
• What is one method of reducing the spread of pathogens mentioned in the video?

  Vaccination