Chapter 20 - Acids, base +pH

• Bronsted-lowry acid =

  • Proton donor
• Bronsted-lowry base=

  • Proton acceptor
• HCl (aq) <-> H+(aq) + Cl- (aq)
• Conjugate acid-base pair=

  • Two species that can be interconverted by the transfer of a Proton
• Metal + acid = salt + hydrogen
• Acid + carbonate = salt + water + CO2
• Acid + base = salt + water
• Strong acids:

  • HCl
  • H2SO4
  • HNO3
  • H3PO4
• Weak acids:

  • Carboxylic acids
• What happens when there's a 10 fold increase in [H+(aq)]?

  • Decrease in pH by 1 unit
• pH= -log10[H+(aq)]
• [H+(aq)] = 10^-pH