Transpiration

• What is transpiration?

  Evaporation of water from plant leaves
• What are the factors that affect the rate of transpiration?

  Temperature, humidity, wind, and light intensity
• What are the roles of stomata in plants?

  Gas exchange and water loss
• Where does photosynthesis take place in the leaf?

  In the palisade mesophyll
• What does xylem tissue transport?

  Water and dissolved mineral ions
• How does water enter the roots of a plant?

  Through root hair cells
• What initiates the process of transpiration?

  Evaporation of water from leaf cells
• What is the transpiration stream?

  The movement of water from roots to leaves
• Why is transpiration important for plants?

  It brings water for photosynthesis and cools leaves
• How does temperature affect the rate of transpiration?

  Higher temperatures increase the rate of transpiration
• How does humidity affect transpiration rates?

  Transpiration is faster under dry conditions
• What effect does wind have on transpiration?

  Wind increases the rate of transpiration
• How does light intensity influence transpiration?

  Higher light intensity increases transpiration rate
• What happens to stomata during high light intensity?

  Stomata open to allow gas exchange
• What do guard cells do in response to high light intensity?

  They swell and change shape to open stomata
• What happens to stomata under hot conditions?

  Stomata close to reduce water loss
• What is a consequence of stomata closing in hot conditions?

  Photosynthesis is reduced due to limited CO2
• What are the key processes involved in transpiration?

  • Evaporation of water from leaf cells
  • Diffusion of water vapor through spongy mesophyll
  • Exit of water vapor through stomata
  • Replacement of lost water from xylem
  • Movement of water from roots to leaves
• What are the effects of environmental factors on transpiration rates?

  • Higher temperatures increase transpiration
  • Dry conditions speed up transpiration
  • Wind enhances transpiration by removing vapor
  • Increased light intensity opens stomata for gas exchange
• What roles do stomata and guard cells play in plant physiology?

  • Stomata facilitate gas exchange and water loss
  • Guard cells regulate stomata opening and closing
  • Stomata open in light for photosynthesis
  • Stomata close in heat to conserve water