marxism

• What does Ideological State Apparatus mean in Marxism?

  Social institution passing on ruling class ideology
• What does Repressive State Apparatus refer to?

  Institution enforcing ideology by force or threat
• What is the Correspondence Principle in education?


  Education mirrors the world of work
• What does Hidden Curriculum refer to?


  Informal learning processes teaching norms and values
• What is the main role of education according to Marxism?

  To maintain capitalism and reproduce inequality
• How does education engineer working class failure?

  By creating an unqualified factory workforce
• What is the role of private education in Marxism?

  Prepares elite children for power positions
• How does Hidden Curriculum affect middle and working class achievement?

  Assists middle class and deters working class
• What advantage does the middle class have in education?

  Access to more cultural and economic capital
• How does education encourage acceptance of capitalist values?

  Through the hidden curriculum
• What does Bowles and Gintis' Correspondence Principle suggest?


  School processes mirror the world of work
• What is the Myth of Meritocracy in education?


  Schools discriminate in favor of the middle class
• How does Hidden Curriculum affect working class ambitions?

  It lowers their ambitions
• What are the criticisms of Marxist views on education?

  • Giroux: WC not passive, anti-school subcultures exist
  • Halsey, Floud, Martin: Marxists exaggerate education's effect
  • Saunders: Success due to biological differences
  • Chubb and Moe: Education fails all social groups
  • Morrow and Torres: Students create their own identities
• What does Giroux's Neo-Marxism suggest about working class students?

  They do not passively accept their position
• What do Halsey, Floud, and Martin argue about Marxist views?

  They exaggerate education's effect on achievement
• What does Saunders claim about middle class educational success?


  It is due to biological differences
• What do Chubb and Moe argue about education's failure?


  It fails all social groups, not just WC
• How do Marxists view the reproduction of diversity in education?

  They fail to acknowledge it
• What do Morrow and Torres claim about student identities?

  Students create their own identities
• How do postmodern societies affect student choices?

  Students can make their own identity choices
• What is the role of education in maintaining capitalism?

  To reproduce social inequality
• What do anti-school subcultures suggest about the hidden curriculum?


  They suggest it has failed.
• How do truancy and exclusion relate to the correspondence principle?

  They indicate the correspondence principle has failed.
• What do Marxists often overlook regarding success or failure in education?

  They overlook the impact of gender and ethnicity.
• What do Morrow and Torres argue about student identities?

  Students create their own identities.
• What is the correspondence principle in education?

  • School processes mirror the world of work
  • Prepares students for manual labour
  • Emphasizes obedience and discipline
  • Focuses on achieved status and consequences
• What does the myth of meritocracy claim about education?

  Education is meritocratic.
• How do schools discriminate in favor of the middle class?

  Through language and communication styles.
• What are the characteristics of the correspondence principle in education?

  • Wages over satisfaction
  • Lack of control
  • Emphasis on obedience
  • Achieved status
  • Discipline and consequences
  • Experience of boredom